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Coupling CC with execution or storage limits performance and elasticity, as CC's resource needs do not align with the free scaling of the transaction execution layer or the storage-bound data layer.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>This paper proposes Concurrency Control as a Service (CCaaS), which decouples CC from databases, building an execution-CC-storage three-layer decoupled database, allowing independent scaling and upgrades for improved elasticity, resource utilization, and development agility. However, adding a new layer increases latency due to the shift in communication from hardware to network. To address this, we propose a Sharded Multi-Write OCC (SM-OCC) algorithm with an asynchronous log push-down mechanism to minimize network communications overhead and transaction latency. Additionally, we implement a multi-write architecture with a deterministic conflict resolution method to reduce coordination overhead in the CC layer, thereby improving scalability. CCaaS is designed to be connected by a variety of execution and storage engines. Existing disaggregated databases can be revolutionized with CCaaS to achieve high elasticity, scalability, and high performance. Results show that CCaaS achieves 1.02\u20133.11X higher throughput and 1.11\u20132.75X lower latency than SoTA disaggregated databases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14778\/3746405.3746406","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T17:06:20Z","timestamp":1756919180000},"page":"2761-2774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Concurrency Control as a Service"],"prefix":"10.14778","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Weixing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, China"}]},{"given":"Yanfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, China"}]},{"given":"Xinji","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, China"}]},{"given":"Zhiyou","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, China"}]},{"given":"Zeshun","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University, China"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huawei Tec. 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