{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T13:19:33Z","timestamp":1773839973951,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]],"date-time":"2017-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004396","name":"PepsiCo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiovascular strain and hyperthermia are thought to be important factors limiting exercise capacity in heat\u2010stressed humans, however, the contribution of elevations in skin (<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub>) versus whole body temperatures on exercise capacity has not been characterized. To ascertain their relationships with exercise capacity, blood temperature (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>), oxygen uptake (<jats:italic>V\u0307<\/jats:italic>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), brain perfusion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCA <\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>), locomotor limb hemodynamics, and hematological parameters were assessed during incremental cycling exercise with elevated skin (mild hyperthermia; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>mild<\/jats:sub>), combined core and skin temperatures (moderate hyperthermia; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>mod<\/jats:sub>), and under control conditions. Both hyperthermic conditions increased <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub> versus control (6.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2\u00b0C; <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), however, only <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>mod<\/jats:sub> increased resting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>, leg blood flow and cardiac output (<jats:italic>Q\u0307<\/jats:italic>), but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCA <\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>. Throughout exercise, <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>sk<\/jats:sub> remained elevated in both hyperthermic conditions, whereas only <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content> was greater in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>mod<\/jats:sub>. At exhaustion, oxygen uptake and exercise capacity were reduced in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>mod<\/jats:sub> in association with lower leg blood flow, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCA <\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> and mean arterial pressure (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>), but similar maximal heart rate and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>B<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>. The attenuated brain and leg perfusion with hyperthermia was associated with a plateau in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCA<\/jats:styled-content> and two\u2010legged vascular conductance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VC<\/jats:styled-content>). Mechanistically, the falling <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCA VC<\/jats:styled-content> was coupled to reductions in <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>a<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, whereas the plateau in leg vascular conductance was related to markedly elevated plasma [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NA<\/jats:styled-content>] and a plateau in plasma <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATP<\/jats:styled-content>. These findings reveal that whole\u2010body hyperthermia, but not skin hyperthermia, compromises exercise capacity in heat\u2010stressed humans through the early attenuation of brain and active muscle blood flow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,21]],"date-time":"2017-01-21T01:25:45Z","timestamp":1484961945000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Whole body hyperthermia, but not skin hyperthermia, accelerates brain and locomotor limb circulatory strain and impairs exercise capacity in humans"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Trangmar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation Brunel University London Uxbridge United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott T.","family":"Chiesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation Brunel University London Uxbridge United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kameljit K.","family":"Kalsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation Brunel University London Uxbridge United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niels H.","family":"Secher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation Brunel University London Uxbridge United Kingdom"},{"name":"The Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre Department of Anaesthesia, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation Brunel University London Uxbridge United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.57.6.0769"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01008.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.213769"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1985.sp015794"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-004-1053-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1947.sp004210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP272283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01281.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00367.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00078.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00965.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.143057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1998.0324e.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00147.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02010116"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00577.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181adb9fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199709000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.235002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000049746.29175.3F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00603.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000044939.73286.E2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.060574"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.142158"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00269.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.1.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.150060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12345"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00135.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1967.22.2.292"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3181666ed7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00495.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01205.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1998.84.4.1323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2014.081620"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.086025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.149401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.203034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2013.262246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200333010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050361"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00082"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2004.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.90.3.1057"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00049.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c130012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00662.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2010.054213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1970.28.5.642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1964.19.3.531"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.2010.02084.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.11.3.370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.063107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00988.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1974.54.1.75"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","first-page":"363","volume-title":"Human Circulation: Regulation during Physical Stress","author":"Rowell L. B.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105484"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1968.24.4.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.24.5.711"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.75.2.663"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-201X.1998.0293e.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.204461"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.2.649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-7648-1-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00422841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.061002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2010.055137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00314.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91475.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00569.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1440-2440(00)80080-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.077115"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2014.272104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00525.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.171694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.210880"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1993.74.5.2566"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1962.17.4.625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.228551"}],"container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.14814%2Fphy2.13108","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.13108","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T23:33:29Z","timestamp":1696462409000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.14814\/phy2.13108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"references-count":83,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14814\/phy2.13108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.13108","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-817X","2051-817X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-817X","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-817X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-11-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2016-12-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-01-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13108"}}