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We evaluated a novel laser speckle contrast imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSCI<\/jats:styled-content>) technique to determine age\u2010related changes in penile microvascular perfusion (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMP<\/jats:styled-content>) and tested the role of cavernosal muscle (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CC<\/jats:styled-content>) fibrosis mediated by Wnt\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGF <\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>1 signaling pathways in a mouse model. Ten young (2\u20133\u00a0months) and old (24\u201328\u00a0months) wild\u2010type C57BL6 male mice were subjected to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMP<\/jats:styled-content> measured using a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSCI<\/jats:styled-content> system. Penile blood flow (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBF<\/jats:styled-content>, peak systolic velocity, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSV<\/jats:styled-content>) was also measured using a color Doppler ultrasound for comparison. Measurements were made before and after injection of vasoactive drugs: prostaglandin E<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGE<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and acetylcholine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CC<\/jats:styled-content> was processed for immunohistochemical studies for markers of endothelium and fibrosis. Protein levels were quantified by Western blot.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMP<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBF<\/jats:styled-content> increased significantly from baseline after injection of vasoactive drugs. Peak <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMP<\/jats:styled-content> after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGE<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h was higher in young mice (225.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.0 and 211.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AU<\/jats:styled-content>) compared to old (155.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.1 and 162.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AU<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSV<\/jats:styled-content> after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGE<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> was higher in young than old mice (112.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.5 vs. 78.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.6\u00a0mm\/sec). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSV<\/jats:styled-content> after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h was also higher in young (112.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.6\u00a0mm\/sec) than older mice (69.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.1\u00a0mm\/sec). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PMP<\/jats:styled-content> positively correlated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PSV<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.867, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001). Immunostaining and Western blot showed increased protein expression of all fibrosis markers with aging. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LSCI<\/jats:styled-content> is a viable technique for evaluating penile hemodynamics. Increased cavernosal fibrosis may cause impaired penile hemodynamics and increased incidence of erectile dysfunction in older men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T01:10:17Z","timestamp":1510276217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characterization of age\u2010related penile microvascular hemodynamic impairment using laser speckle contrast imaging: possible role of increased fibrogenesis"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Seung\u2010Ryeol","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Urology and Medicine VA San Diego Health Care System University of California San Diego California"},{"name":"Department of Urology CHA Bundang Medical Center CHA University Seongnam 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