{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T07:47:13Z","timestamp":1773215233666,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bikram yoga is practiced in a room heated to 105\u00b0F with 40% humidity for 90\u00a0min. During the class a large volume of water and electrolytes are lost in the sweat, specifically, sodium is lost, the main cation of the extracellular fluid. There is little known about the volume of sweat and the amount of sodium lost in sweat during Bikram yoga or the optimum quantity of fluid required to replace these losses. The participants who took part in this small feasibility study were five females with a mean age of 47.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.7\u00a0years and 2.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.6\u00a0years of experience at Bikram yoga. The total body weight, water consumed, serum sodium concentration, serum osmolality, and serum aldosterone levels were all measured before and after a Bikram yoga practice. Sweat sodium chloride concentration and osmolality were measured at the end of the practice. The mean estimated sweat loss was 1.54\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.65\u00a0L, while the amount of water consumed during Bikram yoga was 0.38\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.22\u00a0L. Even though only 25% of the sweat loss was replenished with water intake during the Bikram yoga class, we did not observe a change in serum sodium levels or serum osmolality. The sweat contained 82\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016\u00a0mmol\/L of sodium chloride for an estimated total of 6.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.1\u00a0g of sodium chloride lost in the sweat. The serum aldosterone increased 3.5\u2010fold from before to after Bikram yoga. There was a decrease in the extracellular body fluid compartment of 9.7%. Sweat loss in Bikram yoga predominately produced a volume depletion rather than the dehydration of body fluids. The sweating\u2010stimulated rise in serum aldosterone levels will lead to increased sodium reabsorption from the kidney tubules and restore the extracellular fluid volume over the next 24\u00a0hr.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,24]],"date-time":"2020-11-24T06:32:15Z","timestamp":1606199535000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Salt and water balance after sweat loss: A study of Bikram yoga"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hasan","family":"Alrefai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences The University of Alabama in Huntsville Huntsville AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon L.","family":"Mathis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology The University of Alabama in Huntsville Huntsville AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Hicks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine Dothan AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra I.","family":"Pivovarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7040-5650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gordon G.","family":"MacGregor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences The University of Alabama in Huntsville Huntsville AL USA"},{"name":"Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine Dothan AL USA"},{"name":"YogaLytes Huntsville AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Physiological characteristics of long\u2010term bikram yoga practitioners","volume":"15","author":"Abel A. 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