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Additionally, we interrogated markers of oxidative damage and antioxidants. Thirty\u2010four female Lewis rats were separated into three groups. A young group (YNG, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010) was euthanized at 6\u00a0months of age. Two other groups were aged to 15\u2009months and included a physical activity group (MA\u2010PA, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012) and a sedentary group (MA\u2010SED, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012). There were no age effects for any of the variables investigated, except for SOD2 protein levels in the cortex (+6.5%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012). Long\u2010term physical activity increased mitochondrial complex IV activity in the cortex compared to YNG (+85%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.016) and MA\u2010SED (+82%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.023) and decreased carbonyl levels in the cortex compared to YNG (\u221212.49%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.034). Our results suggest that the mitochondrial network and redox state of the brain of females may be more resilient to the aging process than initially thought. Further, voluntary wheel running had minimal beneficial effects on brain markers of oxidative damage and mitochondrial physiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T00:36:16Z","timestamp":1671669376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of aging and long\u2010term physical activity on mitochondrial physiology and redox state of the cortex and cerebellum of female rats"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1112-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo H. 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