{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:12:44Z","timestamp":1753884764545,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["980721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["980721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Opium abuse and exposure to heavy metals elevate the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between opium abuse and blood lead levels (BLLs) and the CAD complexity. We evaluated patients with acute coronary symptoms who underwent coronary angiography, and those with &gt;50% stenosis in at least one of the coronary arteries were included. Furthermore, Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery I (SYNTAX I) score and BLLs were measured. Based on the opium abuse, 95 patients were subdivided into opium (45) and control (50) groups. Differences in demographics and CAD risk factors were insignificant between the two groups. The median BLLs were remarkably higher in the opium group than in controls (36 (35.7) and 20.5\u2009\u03bcg\/dL (11.45), respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). We also revealed no significant differences in SYNTAX score between the two groups (15.0 (9.0) and 17.5 (14.0), respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.28). Additionally, we found no significant correlation between BLLs and the SYNTAX scores (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.277 and <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.113). Opium abuse was associated with high BLLs. Neither opium abuse nor high BLLs were correlated with the complexity of CAD. Further studies are warranted to establish better the relationship between opium abuse, BLLs, and CAD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T02:57:55Z","timestamp":1710385075000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluating the association between opium abuse, blood lead levels, and the complexity of coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ramin","family":"Khameneh\u00a0Bagheri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Hadi","family":"Mousavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Toxicology Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Mehrad\u2010Majd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Jamili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arya","family":"Nasimi\u00a0Shad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2320-5095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vafa","family":"Baradaran\u00a0Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"},{"name":"Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.1068.13.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-018-0205-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2010.11.2226"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.03.069"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Association of opium addiction with coronary artery ectasia and coronary artery disease","volume":"13","author":"Bahrami N.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addiction and Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.1869"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2015.35.e593"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fchem.2020.00737"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-9884-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17062134"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Drugs U.N.O. and Crime. 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