{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T05:14:14Z","timestamp":1784265254410,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the past few years, the face mask has been recommended for the prevention of exposing others to COVID\u201019. Wearing a face mask may have the potential to increase dyspnea and discomfort during exercise; however, controversy exists on whether wearing face masks during exercise affects exercise performance, perception, and mood in runners. We investigated the physiological and perceptual responses of healthy male adults who had experienced long\u2010distance running while exercising at different intensities. Nine healthy young adults who were long\u2010distance runners wearing surgical face mask conducted an incremental treadmill protocol. The protocol was three 6\u2010min stages (20%, 40%, and 60% of maximal heart rate, respectively). The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the feeling scale (FS) were measured. RPE was higher in mask condition than in unmask condition (No mask vs. Face mask, light; 8.22 vs. 8.78, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.615, middle; 10.00 vs. 10.78, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.345, high; 12.33 vs. 13.67, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044.), while FS was not different between conditions. The present study shows that wearing a mask may increase rating of perceived exertion and discomfort when the exercise intensity exceeds a certain threshold in healthy male adults who have experienced long\u2010distance running.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.16036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T02:43:53Z","timestamp":1715913833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The effects of wearing face masks on the perception and mood of male healthy male adults during treadmill running: A pilot study"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kento","family":"Hidaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Tourism, Faculty of Human and Social Studies Nagasaki International University  Sasebo Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Sonoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Tourism, Faculty of Human and Social Studies Nagasaki International University  Sasebo Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiki","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Tourism, Faculty of Human and Social Studies Nagasaki International University  Sasebo Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Kose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Technology Sasebo College  Sasebo Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Hyodo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Fitness Research Institute Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuto","family":"Oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Management Nagasaki International University  Sasebo Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4492-5892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Eshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Tourism, Faculty of Human and Social Studies Nagasaki International University  Sasebo Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2021.103765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2021.1922947"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2021.2010202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2021-0190"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-103758"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-021-01877-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11590680-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Metabolic and ventilatory responses to submaximal and maximal exercise using different breathing assemblies","volume":"35","author":"Evans B. W.","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-020-01704-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.202008-990CME"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.723243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2608.200633"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","article-title":"Physical interventions to interrupt or reduce the spread of respiratory viruses","volume":"1","author":"Jefferson T.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"307","article-title":"The effects of training on heart rate; a longitudinal study","volume":"35","author":"Karvonen M. J.","year":"1957","journal-title":"Annales Medicinae Experimentalis et Biologiae Fenniae"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.775750"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36660\/abc.20200792"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2012.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2021-0198"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-182762"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17218110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.912740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.710573"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01746-4"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.16111","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000}}],"container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.16036","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T12:32:46Z","timestamp":1716813166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.14814\/phy2.16036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14814\/phy2.16036"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.16036","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.14814\/phy2.16111","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2051-817X","2051-817X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-817X","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-817X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-09-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e16036"}}