{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:29:54Z","timestamp":1791606594377,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]],"date-time":"2024-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Problematic low energy availability (LEA) is the underlying cause of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs). Male specific etiology, as well as the duration and degree of LEA exposures resulting in REDs remain to be adequately described. The present study aimed to assess occurrences of LEA (energy availability [EA] &lt;25\u2009kcal\/kg fat\u2010free mass\/day) in male athletes from various sports over 7\u2009days. Associations between number of LEA days, physiological measures, and body image concerns were subsequently evaluated. The athletes recorded their weighed food intakes and training via photo\u2010assisted mobile application. Body composition and resting metabolic rates were measured, and venous blood samples collected for assessments of hormonal and nutrition status. Participants also answered the Low Energy Availability in Males Questionnaire (LEAM\u2010Q), Eating Disorder Examination\u2014Questionnaire Short (EDE\u2010QS), Exercise Addiction Inventory (EAI), and Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI). Of 19 participants, 13 had 0\u20132, 6 had 3\u20135, and none had 6\u20137 LEA days. No associations were found between the number of LEA days with the physiological and body image outcomes, although those with greatest number of LEA days had highest EEE but relatively low dietary intakes. In conclusion, this group displayed considerable day\u2010to\u2010day EA fluctuations but no indication of problematic LEA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.16112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T05:19:39Z","timestamp":1719206379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A real\u2010life snapshot: Evaluating exposures to low energy availability in male athletes from various sports"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3117-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birna","family":"Vardardottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport &amp; Leisure Studies University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7258-1727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna S.","family":"Olafsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport &amp; Leisure Studies University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6189-5894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sigridur Lara","family":"Gudmundsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Promotion, Sport &amp; Leisure Studies University of Iceland  Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200009001-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2016-0177"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Vitamin B(12)\u2013a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","volume":"67","author":"Bj\u00f8rke\u2010Monsen A. L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Nutrition Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Folate\u2013a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023","volume":"67","author":"Bj\u00f8rke\u2010Monsen A. L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Nutrition Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-107335"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2011.585473"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29219\/fnr.v67.9979"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23349"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/wspaj.2021-0028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/54.6.963"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Risk and prevalence of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) among professional female football players","author":"Dasa M. S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Journal of Sport Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01217-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29219\/fnr.v68.10451"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4658"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eat.23123"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000948"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152744"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106719"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-022-02967-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2004.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494819896878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14050986"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phanu.2020.100229"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-021-00419-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15502783.2022.2065111"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-021-04857-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00598"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082601"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(03)00061-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina55100665"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.53941\/tmep.v1i1.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2021-001265"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0790-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2011.588958"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020369"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091873"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106812"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002819"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-093240"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Direct and indirect impact of low energy availability on sports performance","volume":"34","author":"Melin A. K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106994"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099193"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018-0093"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14404"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001538"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163970"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP284967"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2017.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-022-01757-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2022.07.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.10.139"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm\u20102024\u20100037"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-019-04157-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","first-page":"67","volume-title":"Nutrition guidelines for strength sports: Sprinting, weightlifting, throwing events, and bodybuilding","author":"Slater G.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2023-106914"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-021-00385-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200401000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2022.2115676"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16066350310001637363"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-014-0266-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000439"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000152677.60545.3A"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000312871"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15224747"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2024.1390558"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2023-001731"}],"container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.16112","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T10:17:51Z","timestamp":1719915471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.14814\/phy2.16112"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14814\/phy2.16112"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.16112","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-817X","2051-817X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-817X","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-817X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-06-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e16112"}}