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Thus, we applied cyclical, biologically relevant strains for a prolonged time period (4\u2009weeks) to one tibia of juvenile mice, while using the contralateral one as an internal control. By the end of the 4\u2010week loading period, the mean tibial growth of the loaded tibiae was significantly greater than that of the unloaded tibiae. The mean height and the mean area of the loaded tibial growth plates were greater than those of the unloaded tibiae. In addition, in female mice we found a greater expression of PTHrP in the loaded tibial growth plates than in the unloaded ones. Lastly, microCT analysis revealed no difference between loaded and unloaded tibiae with respect to the fraction of bone volume relative to the total volume of the region of interest or the tibial trabecular bone volume. Thus, our findings suggest that intermittent compressive forces applied on tibiae at mild\u2013moderate strain magnitude induce a significant and persistent longitudinal bone growth. PTHrP expressed in the growth plate appears to be one growth factor responsible for stimulating endochondral ossification and bone growth in female mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.16168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T03:39:20Z","timestamp":1722569960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Intermittent mechanical loading on mouse tibia accelerates longitudinal bone growth by inducing PTHrP expression in the female tibial growth plate"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"McGarry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Children's Mercy Hospitals  Kansas City Missouri USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City\u2010School of Medicine  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Kover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Children's Mercy Hospitals  Kansas City Missouri USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City\u2010School of Medicine  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Heruth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Children's Mercy Hospitals  Kansas City Missouri USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City\u2010School of Medicine  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Dallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City\u2010School of Dentistry  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shufang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7186-2316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"De\u00a0Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology Children's Mercy Hospitals  Kansas City Missouri USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Missouri\u2010Kansas City\u2010School of Medicine  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1171104"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.5.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.20.4557"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0211692"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2013.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.21136"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"TOPGAL mice show that canonical Wnt signaling pathway is active during bone development and growth and is activated by mechanical loading in\u00a0vitro","volume":"192","author":"Hens J. 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