{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:37:18Z","timestamp":1791931038872,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]],"date-time":"2024-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modulation of testing conditions such as resting lactate (La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub>) levels or carbohydrate intake may affect the calculation of the maximal glycolytic rate (\u03bdLa.max). To evaluate the impact of elevated La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub> as well as reduced and increased carbohydrate availability on \u03bdLa.max in running sprints (RST), twenty\u2010one participants completed five 15\u2010s RST tests on a running track under five different conditions: (I). baseline: La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub>\u2009\u22641.5\u2009mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>; (II). Lactate+: La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub>\u2009\u22652.5\u2009mmol\u00b7L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>; (III). CHO<jats:italic>\u2212<\/jats:italic>: carbohydrate intake: \u2264\u20091\u2009g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> BW d<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for 3\u2009days; (IV). CHO+: carbohydrate intake: \u2265\u20099\u2009g\u00b7kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> BW d<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> for one day; and (V). acuteCHO: 500\u2009mL glucose containing beverage consumed before RST. \u03bdLa.max was significantly reduced in lactate+ and CHO\u2212 conditions compared to the baseline RST, due to a reduction in the arithmetic mean delta (\u2206) between La<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub> and La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub> lactate concentration (La<jats:sub>peak<\/jats:sub>, mmol \u00b7 L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). AcuteCHO led to an increase in La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub> compared to baseline, CHO\u2212 and CHO+ with a high interindividual variability but did not significantly reduce \u03bdLa.max. Therefore, avoiding low carbohydrate nutrition before \u03bdLa.max testing, along with carefully adjusting La<jats:sub>rest<\/jats:sub> to below \u22641.5\u2009mmol\u00b7L\u20101, is crucial to prevent the unintentional underestimation of \u03bdLa.max.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T01:39:12Z","timestamp":1724722752000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Increased resting lactate levels and reduced carbohydrate intake cause \u03bdLa.max underestimation by reducing net lactate accumulation\u2014A pilot study in young adults"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6040-4822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Pohl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Biosciences of Sports Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim  Hildesheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6781-8913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Sch\u00fcnemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Biosciences of Sports Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim  Hildesheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirill","family":"Schaaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Olympic Base Center, North Rhine\u2010Westphalia\/Rhineland  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6618-1834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woo\u2010Hwi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Sports Medicine CHA University  Pocheon Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Heck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty for Sports Sciences Ruhr Universit\u00e4t Bochum  Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Heine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olympic Base Center, North Rhine\u2010Westphalia\/Rhineland  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9330-4702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Jacko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"},{"name":"Olympic Base Center, North Rhine\u2010Westphalia\/Rhineland  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6940-3084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Gehlert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Biosciences of Sports Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim  Hildesheim Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne  Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100035\u20101555935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010018\u20100941\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u2010201x.1999.00517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.6.1.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/210309a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/102054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.142109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP278928"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768\u2010200201000\u201000014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006\u2010291x(82)80008\u20109"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","first-page":"772","article-title":"Carbohydrate loading practice in bodybuilders: Effects on muscle thickness, photo Silhouette scores, mood states and gastrointestinal symptoms","volume":"18","author":"Moraes W. M. A. M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010006\u20100317\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1986.250.1.R71"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","volume-title":"Biochemistry","author":"Farhana A.","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024338"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733\u20108627(20)30980\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199502000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010011\u20102209\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00209.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1973.34.1.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768\u2010198606000\u201000015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255\u2010020\u20100251\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742\u20104682\u201011\u201025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10030298"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010662\u201059835\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461390300073302"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20102206\u20104959"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.1997.272.5.R1620"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc\u20102020\u2010001457"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748\u20101716.1981.tb06764.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107793.1999.0633s.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e31827367ba"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1988.64.5.1923"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167\u20104889(84)90168\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010024\u201005456\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2000.278.4.E663"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255\u2010024\u201000993\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","article-title":"Eine Theorie Zur Berechnung Der Dynamik Und Des Steady State von Phosphorylierungsszzustand Und Stoffwechselaktivit\u00e4t Der Muskelzelle Als Folge Des Energiebedarfs","author":"Mader A.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Deutscher Sporthochschule"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sports11040087"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010009\u20101120\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.5.1.42"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10030198"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00686.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.281.6.E1151"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1999.276.5.E843"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2020.1756420"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2019.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20101958\u20103876"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a\u20101273\u20107589"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100838.1995.tb00038.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13030317"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","first-page":"S9","article-title":"Erythrocyte free radical and energy metabolism","volume":"53","author":"Siems W. G.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clinical Nephrology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2006.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u2010201X.2003.01152.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/h97\u2010020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748\u20101716.1978.tb06188.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021\u20109258(18)99819\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.899670"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107793.1999.0901n.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114616"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00365.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","unstructured":"Xxxx yyyy www.rouleur.cc.https:\/\/www.rouleur.cc\/blogs\/rouleur\u2010performance\/proper\u2010science\u2010or\u2010hocus\u2010pocus\u2010pros\u2010and\u2010cons\u2010of\u2010using\u2010vlamax(Access on 22.05.2024) 2024a."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","unstructured":"Xxxx yyyy www.scientifictriathlon.com.https:\/\/scientifictriathlon.com\/tts331\/(Access on 22.05.2024) 2024b."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","unstructured":"Xxxx yyyy www.trainerroad.com.https:\/\/www.trainerroad.com\/forum\/t\/magic\u2010vlamax\u2010training\/85234(Access on 22.05.2024) 2024c."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1147321"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6072493"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70054","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,16]],"date-time":"2024-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726444800000}}],"container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.70020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T09:57:39Z","timestamp":1724839059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.14814\/phy2.70020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14814\/phy2.70020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.70020","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.14814\/phy2.70054","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2051-817X","2051-817X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-817X","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-817X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70020"}}