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We included 16 male runners in this study. The participants ran each foot strike pattern for 5\u2009min at 15 and 19\u2009km\/h on a treadmill. During the running, respiratory gas exchange data and surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the medial gastrocnemius (MG), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), soleus, and tibialis anterior muscles of the right lower limb were continuously recorded. The indices of oxygen uptake, energy expenditure (EE), and muscle activation were calculated during the last 2\u2009min in each condition. During the stance phase of running at 15 and 19\u2009km\/h, activation of the tibialis anterior and MG muscles was lower and higher, respectively, with forefoot strike than with rearfoot strike. The foot strike pattern did not influence the oxygen uptake. These results suggest that the foot strike pattern has no clear effect on the oxygen uptake when running at 15 and 19\u2009km\/h. However, forefoot strike leads to plantar flexion dominance during co\u2010contraction of the tibialis anterior and MG muscles, which are an antagonist and agonist for plantar flexion, respectively, during the stance phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T03:35:55Z","timestamp":1725852955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of foot strike pattern on co\u2010contraction around the ankle and oxygen uptake during running at 19\u2009km\/h"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shimpei","family":"Kubo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science Kanagawa University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsutoshi","family":"Yaeshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science Kanagawa University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahito","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Welfare and Culture Okinawa University  Okinawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Daigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science Kanagawa University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6932-2735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Kitaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science Kanagawa University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4164-7981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryuta","family":"Kinugasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Science Kanagawa University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17479541221108089"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2014.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279\u2010019\u201001238\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748\u20101716.1995.tb09943.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000267"},{"volume-title":"Energy metabolism, indirect calorimetry, and nutrition, 59\u201362","year":"1989","author":"Bursztein S.","key":"e_1_2_13_7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2013.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.686259"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.176719"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2016.1231410"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"In: European recommendations for signal processing Methods for surface ElectroMyoGraphy","author":"Freriks B.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010012\u20102465\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01437.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2019.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100030\u20101265203"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02640414.2012.707326"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20102007\u2010989372"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2021.09.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.8.3.286"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001420"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021\u20109290(90)90038\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52082\/jssm.2023.511"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","first-page":"888","article-title":"Lower limb muscle activity during forefoot and rearfoot strike running techniques","volume":"9","author":"Landreneau L. 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