{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T09:03:09Z","timestamp":1790326989141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08HL157510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08HL157510"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) universally develop in patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease. Single ventricle PAVMs have been recognized for over 50\u2009years but remain poorly understood. To improve our understanding, we developed a surgical rat model of Glenn circulation and characterized PAVM physiology over multiple time points. We performed a left thoracotomy and end\u2010to\u2010end anastomosis of the left superior vena cava to the left pulmonary artery (unilateral Glenn), or sham surgical control. To assess PAVM physiology, we quantified intrapulmonary shunting using two independent methods (bubble echocardiography and fluorescent microsphere injection). Additionally, we performed arterial blood gas measurements to assess oxygenation and plethysmography to assess ventilation. We identified pathologic intrapulmonary shunting by bubble echocardiography as early as 2\u2009weeks post\u2010Glenn, and shunting continued at 2\u2010 and 6\u2010months post\u2010Glenn. Shunting also progressed over time, demonstrated by increased shunting of 10\u2009\u03bcm microspheres at 6\u2009months. Shunting was accompanied by mildly decreased oxygenation but no differences in ventilation. Our surgical animal model of unilateral Glenn circulation recreates the clinical condition of single ventricle PAVMs with early and progressive intrapulmonary shunting. This model is poised to characterize single ventricle PAVM pathophysiology and lead to mechanistic and therapeutic discovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T21:38:56Z","timestamp":1732311536000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Glenn circulation causes early and progressive shunting in a surgical model of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tina C.","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Children's Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute  Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin  Milwaukee Wisconsin 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