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Activation of neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract by transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) may activate inhibitory pathways projecting to the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), thus inhibiting corticotropin\u2010releasing hormone (CRH) release and improving glucocorticoid dysfunction in chronic inflammatory conditions. Healthy adults (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912) participated in experimental (taVNS) and control (sham\u2010taVNS) sessions at least 4\u2009days apart. A 30\u2010min baseline recording was followed by 30\u2009min of taVNS or sham\u2010taVNS and 40\u2009min of recovery. Ten minutes into taVNS or sham\u2010taVNS, a mental arithmetic stress test (MAST) was conducted for 15\u2009min. The MAST increased heart rate, low frequency (LF) heart rate variability (HRV), and the LF to high frequency ratio of HRV, confirming sympathetic activation. Salivary cortisol levels during the MAST were lower during taVNS (49.5\u2009\u00b1\u200948.0% from baseline; mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) compared to sham\u2010taVNS (106.0\u2009\u00b1\u200981.1% from baseline; mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In a psoriasis patient, daily taVNS for 3\u2009months reduced diurnal salivary cortisol levels from 58.2\u2009\u00b1\u200935.2 (ng\/mL)*h (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) to 34.9\u2009\u00b1\u200913.8 (ng\/mL)*h (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD). While it is possible that taVNS inhibited CRH\u2010releasing neurons in the PVN, our study design did not allow to confirm this potential mechanism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T06:26:02Z","timestamp":1739341562000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation inhibits mental stress\u2010induced cortisol release\u2014Potential implications for inflammatory conditions"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ely","family":"Cuberos Paredes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine  Las Cruces New Mexico USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenica","family":"Goyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences 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