{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T14:13:10Z","timestamp":1753884790225,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010intensity exercise hyperpnea places substantial demands upon the respiratory muscles, but whether this causes respiratory muscle damage is unknown. We investigated respiratory muscle damage following volitional hyperpnea (equivalent to 85% of participants maximum minute ventilation produced during a maximal incremental cycling test) using a skeletal muscle damage biomarker panel. Eight healthy men (33\u2009+\u20092\u2009years) underwent 10\u2010min trials of volitional hyperpnea and rest (control) two weeks apart. Serum was collected before and at 1, 24, and 48\u2009h after both volitional hyperpnea and control trials. Creatine kinase muscle\u2010type (CKM), fast skeletal troponin I (sTnI) and slow sTnI were measured using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Two\u2010way analysis of variance revealed time \u00d7 trial interaction effects for slow sTnI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018), but not for CKM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.072) and fast sTnI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.140). Slow sTnI was significantly higher at +24\u2009h post volitional hyperpnea (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) as compared to the same time point of the control trial. These results indicate that high\u2010intensity exercise hyperpnea may induce a small amount of respiratory muscle damage as evidenced by the increases in slow sTnI. Future studies including more time points, different respiratory muscle exercise protocols, and examining the differences between sexes could provide additional insights into the utility of blood biomarkers for identifying respiratory muscle damage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T14:19:52Z","timestamp":1742480392000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effects of volitional hyperpnea on biomarkers of respiratory muscle damage in healthy young men"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3638-9252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muneeb","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health Research Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Bliss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health Research Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliza J.","family":"Whiteside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health Research Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Future Materials University of Southern Queensland  Toowoomba Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health Research Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2653-169X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean E.","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Health Research Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland  Ipswich Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.78.5.1710"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/arrd.1982.126.5.788"},{"volume-title":"Borg's perceived exertion and pain scales","year":"1998","author":"Borg G.","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2019.00068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm.2010.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010008\u20100794\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0074\u20102021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421\u2010012\u20102337\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u2010201X.1996.592341000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623317738927"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.06.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2010.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201138"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00656.2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"The creatine kinase response to resistance exercise","volume":"14","author":"Koch A. J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01214\u20102018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.80.1.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.163.7.2001042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.154.1.8680701"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1097\/01823246-201021010-00002","article-title":"Delayed onset muscle soreness after inspiratory threshold loading in healthy adults","volume":"21","author":"Mathur S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00272.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.9.2011150"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00971.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.009894","article-title":"Respiratory muscle fibres: Specialisation and plasticity","volume":"59","author":"Polla B.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00080312"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.747214"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.88.3.1112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1999.86.6.1833"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c100046"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00044067\u2010200205000\u201000014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.83.4.1076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1006832509488"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134\u2010019\u201005892\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201703\u20100501OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.39.7.535"}],"container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.70277","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T07:31:05Z","timestamp":1743147065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.14814\/phy2.70277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14814\/phy2.70277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.70277","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-817X","2051-817X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2051-817X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2051-817X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70277"}}