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We previously found that, in atherosclerotic female mice, lower speed, but not higher speed, treadmill running had a beneficial effect on the morphology of aortic calcium mineral deposits, as determined by <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010NaF PET imaging, where <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010NaF tracer uptake reflects mineral surface area, which, in turn, reflects risk. To determine optimal exercise frequency at the lower speed, <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010NaF tracer uptake and histochemical analysis of alkaline phosphatase, calcium mineral, and CD68 in the aortas of aged <jats:italic>Apoe<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice exercising 0, 3, or 5\u2009days\/week were performed. Images were acquired at baseline and at the end of the study. Although by histochemistry, all 3 groups had similar levels of osteoblastic differentiation and similar numbers of aortic calcium deposits, <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F\u2010NaF tracer uptake increased significantly over the study duration in the 0\u2010 and 3\u2010days\/week. groups but not in the 5\u2010days\/week. group. Calcification also had a significant negative correlation with macrophage infiltration in the 5\u2010days\/week. group. In summary, the findings suggest that greater frequency running regimens alter aortic calcification in ways that may provide better cardiovascular benefits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,19]],"date-time":"2025-04-19T11:04:26Z","timestamp":1745060666000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exercise frequency affects morphology of aortic calcium deposits in female hyperlipidemic mice as determined by <scp><sup>18<\/sup>F<\/scp>\u2010<scp>NaF PET<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nora","family":"Safvati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Kalanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of California  Los 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