{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:06:23Z","timestamp":1787022383039,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH R25 DK121572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH R25 DK121572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000052","name":"NIH Office of the Director","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH T32 OD010957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH T32 OD010957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Void spot assay (VSA) noninvasively evaluates urination. This study optimizes VSA by comparing post\u2010assay paper visualization techniques: bright field light (BF), ultraviolet light (UV), and ninhydrin spray (N). Male rats were placed in filter paper lined cages for 4\u2009h. After the assay, all papers were dried. BF images were photographed (digital camera). UV images were captured using a Darkroom ultraviolet imaging cabinet. Papers were sprayed with ninhydrin and photographed (digital camera). All images were converted to binary for analysis with Void Whizzard. UV versus BF significantly differed in area. All three groups significantly differed in overall spot count and spots 0\u20130.1\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . UV versus N and UV versus BF significantly differed in 0.1\u20130.25\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    spots, UV versus N in 0.25\u20130.5\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , and N versus BF in spots 0.5\u20131\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Overall BF visualization proved difficult. N provided an ideal way to highlight urine and image with a digital camera. Human fingerprints from pre\u2010assay handling of paper interfered with the analysis of the smallest sized spots; however, there were no differences in the detection of larger spots, spot distribution, or overall spot area. This study contributes to the development of a standardized VSA protocol for assessing bladder function in rodent models.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T10:01:12Z","timestamp":1746439272000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Void spot assay visualization optimization for use of Void Whizzard in rats (\n                    <i>Rattus norvegicus<\/i>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6263-6221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Ruetten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Section on Comparative Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jadyn","family":"Bothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Lankford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopal","family":"Badlani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston\u2010Salem  Winston\u2010Salem North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Section of Urology VA Medical Center  Salisbury North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20886"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2008.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.567"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11061539"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-022-05387-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00350.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22692"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0015-6264(80)90190-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(01)00637-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00373.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2018.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14964"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.126169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10121316"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.5363.971"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00245.2018"}],"container-title":["Physiological 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