{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T02:33:28Z","timestamp":1783823608721,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BX007080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX007080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BX006216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BX006216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RX002691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RX002691"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AG075543"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG075543"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AG083558"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AG083558"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R56AG083570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56AG083570"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Medin, a common amyloidogenic protein, accumulates in the vasculature with aging. We evaluated the effects of medin on human brain vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation. VSMCs were exposed to medin (0.5, 1, and 5\u2009\u03bcM) without or with the small molecule nuclear factor\u2010\u03baB (NF\u03baB) inhibitor RO106\u20109920 (10\u2009\u03bcM). Polymerase chain reaction, Western blot\/enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays were used to quantify gene and protein expressions\/secretions, respectively, of pro\u2010inflammatory factors (interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u20108, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)\u20101) and structural and enzyme proteins associated with VSMC phenotypic transformation (smooth muscle actin alpha 2 (ACTA2), myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)). Medin increased VSMC gene expression and protein secretion of IL\u20106, IL\u20108, and MCP\u20101 (protein secretion 46.0\u2009\u00b1\u200912.8x, 20.2\u2009\u00b1\u20094.1x, and 8.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1x, respectively, medin 5\u2009\u03bcM versus vehicle,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). There was no change in gene\/protein expressions of ACTA2, MYH11, and NOX4. Co\u2010treatment with RO106\u20109920 reduced medin\u2010induced increases in IL\u20106 and IL\u20108 with a trend towards reduced MCP\u20101 secretion. Medin induced pro\u2010inflammatory activation of human brain VSMCs that is mediated in part by NF\u03baB. Acute medin treatment did not alter structural proteins involved in VSMC phenotypic transformation. The findings support medin as a potential novel mediator of and therapeutic target for vascular aging pathology.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,12]],"date-time":"2025-06-12T02:13:41Z","timestamp":1749694421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Medin induces pro\u2010inflammatory activation of human brain vascular smooth muscle cells"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nina","family":"Karamanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaleb T.","family":"Morrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana","family":"Maerivoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Madine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liverpool  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Phoenix Arizona USA"},{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8665-9532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raymond Q.","family":"Migrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System  Phoenix Arizona USA"},{"name":"University of Arizona College of Medicine  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01158.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000251500.94478.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2019.1625323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2015.10.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2011133117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-018-0032-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.15.8669"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3880"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000048892.83521.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13506120600722530"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"1201","article-title":"Oxidized low density lipoprotein induces activation of the transcription factor NF kappa B in fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells","volume":"39","author":"Maziere C.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvx135"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00206.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"871","article-title":"Senile aortic amyloid. 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