{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T18:53:32Z","timestamp":1775156012116,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This post hoc analysis of the \u201cHealthy walk\u201d study evaluated the effect of interval walking training on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. At baseline, 64 T2D patients underwent tilt table testing with autonomic reflex tests: heart rate responses to the Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing, and standing, and blood pressure responses to standing and sustained handgrip, using the Ewing score. Fifty\u2010six participants were allocated to an interval training (IT) group and control group. The IT group completed supervised interval walking training three times weekly for 60\u2009min over 4\u2009months, while the control group received physical activity education. Twenty\u2010four participants in the IT group and 30 in the control group completed the study. The primary endpoint of this post hoc analysis was the change in Ewing score. CAN was detected in 42 patients (66%), mean Ewing score of 2.7\u2009\u00b1\u20090.72. Those with CAN, 16 were in the IT group and 19 in the control group. Both groups showed a significant reduction in Ewing scores (IT: from 2.5 to 1.77, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003; control: from 2.72 to 1.91, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001). Interval walking training and physical activity education both reduce CAN severity in T2D patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T07:08:39Z","timestamp":1755068919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessing the impact of supervised interval training on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5947-7952","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Stirane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Latvia  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1624-6947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karlis","family":"Stirans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Residency Riga Stradins University  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5712-7753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonora","family":"Pahirko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology University of Latvia  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2195-0916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janis","family":"Mednieks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Riga Stradins University  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9170-0842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Ostrovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Sports and Nutrition Research Riga Stradins University  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1959-9941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aija","family":"K\u013cavina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Sports and Nutrition Research Riga Stradins University  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2858-7635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leo","family":"Selavo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology University of Latvia  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0448-8229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelizaveta","family":"Sokolovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Latvia  Riga Latvia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31821ece12"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2017.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2016.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2017.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.04.06.dc05\u20101729"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164118816223"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10\u20109990"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16\u20101728"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"66","article-title":"Effectiveness of leisure physical activities in vasodilatory response and blood pressure in middle\u2010aged and elderly women","volume":"18","author":"Dantas F. 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