{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:56:46Z","timestamp":1778741806167,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759363200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to know how the human uterine muscle behaves from a thermodynamic point of view in pregnant and non\u2010pregnant states. According to far\u2010from\u2010equilibrium thermodynamics, an open system is far\u2010from\u2010equilibrium when its thermodynamic force varies non\u2010linearly with its thermodynamic flow. These two quantities can be calculated on muscles and therefore on the uterine muscle, using the Huxley formalism. The thermodynamic flow was greater in non\u2010pregnant compared to pregnant uterine muscle, while the thermodynamic force was equal in both cases. There was a linear relationship between these two quantities in pregnant uterine muscle, whereas a non\u2010linear relationship characterized the non\u2010pregnant state. Thus, the non\u2010pregnant uterine muscle worked far\u2010from\u2010equilibrium. The product of thermodynamic force and thermodynamic flow was the energy production rate (EPR). EPR was much greater in pregnant uterine muscle. The derivative with respect to time of EPR was called excess entropy production (EEP). EEP was positive in the pregnant state and negative in the non\u2010pregnant state. A first\u2010order nonlinear differential equation with one parameter demonstrated a bifurcation. These results showed that the non\u2010pregnant uterine muscle was a self\u2010organized far\u2010from\u2010equilibrium dissipative structure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T05:36:36Z","timestamp":1759469796000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Far\u2010from\u2010equilibrium thermodynamics of the human uterus: A self\u2010organized dissipative structure"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0437-4862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yves","family":"Lecarpentier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique Grand H\u00f4pital de l'Est Francilien  Meaux France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Claes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Antwerp  Wilrijk Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X\u00e9nophon","family":"Krokidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche Clinique Grand H\u00f4pital de l'Est Francilien  Meaux France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Locher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'H\u00e9pato\u2010Gastro\u2010Ent\u00e9rologie et d'Oncologie Digestive Grand H\u00f4pital de l'Est Francilien  Meaux France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Louis","family":"H\u00e9bert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Cardiologie, H\u00f4pital de la Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Schussler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Chirurgie Thoracique, H\u00f4pital Cochin, H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Centre Paris\u2010Descartes Universit\u00e9, Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francine","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Gyn\u00e9cologie\u2010Obst\u00e9trique Grand H\u00f4pital de l'Est Francilien  Meaux France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.50.4.491"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","volume-title":"Physical chemistry","author":"Atkins P. W.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/sym7041981"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.35.3.345"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1954.177.3.348"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006254-197006000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81598-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.96.3.783"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/368113a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e20120989"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(53)90082-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.3.9804060"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","first-page":"436","article-title":"Control of myometrial contractility: Role and regulation of gap junctions","volume":"10","author":"Garfield R. E.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Oxford Reviews of Reproductive Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e25050771"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.1.197"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","first-page":"S44","article-title":"Origin of cyclicity in bipolar disorders: A computational approach","volume":"46","author":"Goldbeter A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2012.07.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(72)86164-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(97)78753-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1988.255.1.C86"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1938.0050"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0096-4174(18)30128-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.7b00113"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.108.4.1465"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Modern thermodynamics from heat engines to dissipative structures","author":"Kondepudi D. P.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005489501357"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2005.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.2002.282.1.L83"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.12.11.981"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23136967"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298979"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","first-page":"845","article-title":"Kinetic study of carcinogenesis. Diffusion of cytotoxic cells and the behavior at the threshold of cancer","volume":"285","author":"Lefever R.","year":"1977","journal-title":"Serie D: Sciences Naturelles"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00801a004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/378209a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e22030372"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-005216-5.50010-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.12.6060"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2010.0179"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02797383"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1974.tb20557.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8316858"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)91699-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","volume-title":"StemBook","author":"Schr\u00f6dinger E.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(81)90297-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2023.106397"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.80.3.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/372515a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8240(05)80008-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)50401-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.134.1.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.165848"}],"container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.70483","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.14814\/phy2.70483","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.14814\/phy2.70483","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:22:59Z","timestamp":1773015779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.14814\/phy2.70483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.14814\/phy2.70483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.70483","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-817X","2051-817X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-817X","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-817X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-02","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70483"}}