{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:06:23Z","timestamp":1787022383598,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007334","name":"Amdocs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007334","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chronic systemic inflammation (CSI) is associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction and may impair adaptive responses. This study investigated whether skeletal muscle responses to voluntary wheel running (VWR) are maintained following exposure to CSI. Twelve\u2010week\u2010old male C57BL\/6J mice were assigned to Saline+Sedentary, Peptidoglycan\u2013Polysaccharide (PG\u2010PS)\u2009+\u2009Sedentary, Saline+Exercise, and PG\u2010PS\u2009+\u2009Exercise groups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912 per group), with PG\u2010PS used to induce CSI. Following 3\u2009weeks of intervention, blood and lower\u2010leg skeletal muscles were collected. Total running distance did not differ between exercise groups. PG\u2010PS administration increased serum tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and interleukin\u20101\u03b2 levels in sedentary mice, whereas these levels were attenuated in VWR mice. Under sedentary conditions, soleus muscle weight and fiber cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) were lower in PG\u2010PS\u2010treated mice. Exercise was associated with higher soleus muscle mass and fiber CSA in both saline\u2010 and PG\u2010PS\u2010treated mice. PG\u2010PS increased 4\u2010hydroxynonenal levels in the soleus muscle, whereas VWR was associated with lower levels. VWR markedly increased muscle protein synthesis and reduced markers of muscle protein breakdown, indicating enhanced protein turnover independent of PG\u2010PS treatment. These findings suggest that exercise\u2010induced increases in muscle mass and fiber size occur independent of PG\u2010PS treatment. Clinically, whole\u2010body exercise may represent a physiologically relevant, non\u2010pharmacological strategy to support skeletal muscle health under chronic inflammatory conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T03:43:04Z","timestamp":1779162184000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Voluntary wheel running attenuates peptidoglycan\u2013polysaccharide\u2010induced inflammation and preserves skeletal muscle remodeling in male\n                    <scp>C57BL<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>6J<\/scp>\n                    mice"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0937-7838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryoga","family":"Kinoshita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nippon Sport Science University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5634-7068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuhiro","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Ato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nippon Sport Science University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Kouzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nippon Sport Science University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0317-5343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Tamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nippon Sport Science University  Tokyo 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