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We examined heart rate variability (HRV) during free\u2010living weight\u2010loading in adults with class I obesity. Fifty\u2010one participants (27 females) were randomized to wear a heavy (11% of body weight) or a light vest (1%) for 8\u2009h\/day for 15\u2009days. Twenty\u2010four\u2010hour ECG recordings were obtained before and on day 15. Heart rate (HR), relative HR reserve (%HRR), and time\u2010 and frequency\u2010domain HRV indices were analyzed across four predefined periods: morning (rest), afternoon (vest\u2010usage), evening, and night. During the afternoon period, the high versus low load increased HR (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0496) and %HRR (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.03), while reducing SDNN (standard deviation of normal\u2010to\u2010normal intervals;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.01) and RMSSD (root mean square of successive differences;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002). In females, but not in males, high load was associated with lower high\u2010frequency power (P\n                    <jats:sub>HF<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), higher low\u2010frequency power (P\n                    <jats:sub>LF<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and an increased P\n                    <jats:sub>LF<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/P\n                    <jats:sub>HF<\/jats:sub>\n                    ratio during the afternoon, consistent with reduced parasympathetic modulation. No differences between groups were observed during resting periods. These findings indicate that weight\u2010loading increases cardiovascular workload and transiently alters autonomic modulation during active vest use, with more consistent responses in females and no sustained resting adaptations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T06:15:48Z","timestamp":1779430548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short\u2010term effects of weight\u2010loading on heart rate variability in obese adults"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9616-3407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"Bellman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per\u2010Anders","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John\u2010Olov","family":"Jansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claes","family":"Ohlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg 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