{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T07:08:36Z","timestamp":1783840116473,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sex differences in asthma severity have been reported; however, the specific contribution of estrogen receptor \u03b2 (ER\u03b2) remains incompletely defined. We tested the hypothesis that ER\u03b2 modulates sex\u2010specific physiological responses to chronic allergen exposure using C57BL\/6J wild\u2010type (WT) and ER\u03b2\u2010deficient (Esr2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) male and female mice subjected to 5\u2009weeks of house dust mite (HDM) challenge. Lung mechanics were assessed using flexiVent and integrated with histopathology and whole\u2010lung transcriptomics. We found that HDM exposure increased total respiratory resistance (Rrs), Newtonian resistance (Rn), and tissue elastance (H), with the greatest impairment in female Esr2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice, significantly exceeding WT females. These changes were accompanied by marked peribronchial inflammation and mucus metaplasia, particularly in females. ER\u03b2 deficiency also produced compartment\u2010specific effects. Transcriptomic analyses revealed disruption of epithelial differentiation, immunoglobulin gene expression, and metabolic pathways, with downregulation of humoral and epithelial programs in Esr2\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    females. Collectively, these findings identify ER\u03b2 as a critical determinant of sex\u2010specific airway mechanics and inflammatory remodeling during allergen exposure. We conclude that ER\u03b2 protects the female lung from exaggerated functional decline, mucus metaplasia, and tissue stiffening, while exerting distinct spatial and immunological effects in males, highlighting ER\u03b2 signaling as a target for sex\u2010informed asthma therapeutics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.70948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T03:58:36Z","timestamp":1780286316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Estrogen receptor \u03b2 regulates sex\u2010dependent airway mechanics and inflammation in a murine model of allergen exposure"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Carolyn Damilola","family":"Ekpruke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health, Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dustin","family":"Rousselle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health, Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maksat","family":"Babayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health, Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Borges\u2010Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health, Indiana University  Bloomington Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Alford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of 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