{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T10:43:14Z","timestamp":1789468994754,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008001","name":"Universit\u00e4t zu K\u00f6ln","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study examined whether cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) performance parameters are associated with chronic cancer\u2010related fatigue in patients receiving immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and healthy controls. Also, the differences in energy expenditure of steady\u2010state cycling and gross efficiency were assessed during submaximal cycling efforts. This study involved patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200919, 48\u2009\u00b1\u200913\u2009years) receiving PD\u20101, PD\u2010L1 checkpoint inhibitors and controls of similar age (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200921, 49\u2009\u00b1\u200917\u2009years). During the first visit, data on medical history, previous physical activity records, and CPET to voluntary exhaustion were collected. The second visit involved body composition assessment, the MFI\u201020 fatigue questionnaire, and 30\u2010min steady\u2010state cycling at 90% gas exchange threshold. There were no significant differences observed between the groups in age, stature, BMI, or resting blood pressure. Peak V\u0307O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    was 33% lower, and the group under ICI treatment had lower cycling efficiency (22.49% vs. 20.07%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.031), compared to controls. All self\u2010reported fatigue items derived from MFI\u201020 were significantly higher in the ICI group compared to controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001). The regression analysis found no association between the self\u2010reported general fatigue and data collected during CPET. Patients under ICI treatment reported higher levels of chronic fatigue, lower peak V\u0307O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and reduced cycling efficiency. Interestingly, variables collected during CPET did not explain self\u2010reported chronic fatigue, underlying the complexity of this phenomenon.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.71090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:31:52Z","timestamp":1788413512000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic, self\u2010reported fatigue in adult immunotherapy patients and healthy controls: No association with cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4204-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damir","family":"Zubac","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 1 of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital of Cologne  Cologne 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