{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:50:40Z","timestamp":1791960640445,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Exogenous glucagon\u2010like peptide 2 (GLP\u20102) administration increases small intestinal growth and mesenteric blood flow, although the vascular mechanisms involved remain unclear. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of exogenous GLP\u20102 administration on glucagon\u2010like peptide 2 (GLP\u20102)\u2010, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)\u2010, serotonin (5\u2010HT)\u2010, and acetylcholine (ACh)\u2010mediated vascular relaxation in isolated bovine mesenteric arteries (MA) and mesenteric veins (MV). Ten steers received repeated subcutaneous injections of bovine serum albumin or GLP\u20102 for 48\u2009h before vessel collection. Vascular dimensions, vasoactive responses using myography, and mRNA expression of receptors associated with vasorelaxation were evaluated. Exogenous GLP\u20102 did not directly induce vasorelaxation in isolated MA or MV despite detectable\n                    <jats:italic>GLP2R<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA expression in both vessels, suggesting that GLP\u20102\u2010mediated increases in mesenteric blood flow occur through indirect mechanisms. Vasoactive intestinal peptide induced dose\u2010dependent vasorelaxation in both vessel types, and only\n                    <jats:italic>VIPR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA was detected. Serotonin\u2010mediated responses were not altered by exogenous GLP\u20102 treatment. In contrast, exogenous GLP\u20102 enhanced ACh\u2010mediated vasorelaxation in the MA at greater agonist concentrations and increased\n                    <jats:italic>NOS3<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA expression in the MV. These findings suggest that cholinergic signaling pathways may contribute to GLP\u20102\u2010associated vasoregulation in the bovine MA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.71134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T03:54:11Z","timestamp":1791604451000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of exogenous glucagon\u2010like peptide 2 on mechanisms of enteric neurotransmitter\u2010mediated vasorelaxation in the isolated bovine mesenteric artery and vein"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gabriel S. 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