{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T04:38:22Z","timestamp":1792557502939,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiological Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study evaluated the off\u2010the\u2010shelf predictive accuracy of four original W\u2032\u2010balance recovery models (Morton and Billat linear, W\u2032\n                    <jats:sub>BAL\u2010INT<\/jats:sub>\n                    , W\u2032\n                    <jats:sub>BAL\u2010ODE<\/jats:sub>\n                    and W\u2032\n                    <jats:sub>BAL\u2010CAEN<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and proposed a single\u2010coefficient modified linear formulation (Linear\n                    <jats:sub>_mod<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) for predicting high\u2010intensity interval training (HIIT) performance with passive recovery in trained runners. Twenty\u2010seven trained runners completed a 9\/3\u2010min running critical power (CP) test and two open\u2010ended HIIT sessions to volitional exhaustion at 108% CP with a 2:1 work: rest ratio. Work intervals were individualized so that energy expenditure above CP equalled 40% (HIIT40%) or 60% (HIIT60%) of W\u2032. The original models were applied using their published parameters. All substantially over\u2010predicted the number of intervals completed (pooled MAE 26.4\u201372.4 intervals; bias +20.1 to +72.4). Linear\n                    <jats:sub>_mod<\/jats:sub>\n                    with its default recovery coefficient (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091) achieved a MAE of 4.85 intervals. Optimizing\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    at the population level (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.63) reduced MAE to 2.85 intervals, while athlete\u2010specific optimisation (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.54\u2009\u00b1\u20090.29) reduced MAE to 0.55 intervals. Individual\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    values were stable between protocols (within\u2010subject CV\u2009=\u20099.9%). Original W\u2032\u2010balance models did not accurately predict running HIIT performance, whereas Linear\n                    <jats:sub>_mod<\/jats:sub>\n                    provided high predictive accuracy using a single athlete\u2010specific recovery coefficient.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.71152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T03:29:10Z","timestamp":1792553350000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Original W\u2032\u2010balance models do not transfer to high\u2010intensity interval training in trained adult runners: Proposal of a single\u2010coefficient linear alternative"],"prefix":"10.14814","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Felipe","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Pinillos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada  Granada Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation Universidad de La Frontera  Temuco Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0588-0871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diego","family":"Ja\u00e9n\u2010Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Riquelme\u2010Sebasti\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago Alejo","family":"Ruiz\u2010Alias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Education University of C\u00e1diz  Puerto Real C\u00e1diz Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Navarrete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Mohino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Castilla\u2010La Mancha  Toledo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Violeta","family":"Mu\u00f1oz de la Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences University of Castilla\u2010La Mancha  Toledo Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Olaya\u2010Cuartero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Health, Physical Activity, and Sports Technology, Faculty of Education University of Alicante  Sant Vicent del Raspeig Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","volume-title":"Training and racing with a power meter","author":"Allen 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