{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:46:49Z","timestamp":1778744809506,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Psychiatry Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Based on animal research several authors have warned that the application of methylphenidate, the first-line drug for the treatment of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), might have neurotoxic effects potentially harming the brain. We investigated whether methylphenidate application, over a 1-year period, results in cerebral volume decrease. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> We acquired structural MRIs in a double-blind study comparing methylphenidate to placebo. Global and regional brain volumes were analyzed at baseline, after 3 months and after 12 months using diffeomorphic anatomic registration through exponentiated lie algebra. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> We included 131 adult patients with ADHD into the baseline sample, 98 into the 3-month sample (54 in the methylphenidate cohort and 44 in the placebo cohort) and 76 into the 1-year sample (37 in the methylphenidate cohort and 29 in the placebo cohort). Methylphenidate intake compared with placebo did not lead to any detectable cerebral volume loss; there was a trend toward bilateral cerebellar grey matter increase. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Limitations:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Detecting possible neurotoxic effects of methylphenidate might require a longer observation period. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> There is no evidence of grey matter volume loss after 1 year of methylphenidate treatment in adult patients with ADHD. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.150320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,24]],"date-time":"2016-10-24T09:52:56Z","timestamp":1477302776000},"page":"422-430","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The effect of methylphenidate intake on brain structure in adults with ADHD in a placebo-controlled randomized trial"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Ludger Tebartz","family":"van 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