{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:23:03Z","timestamp":1785410583680,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]],"date-time":"2018-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.nrcresearchpress.com\/page\/about\/CorporateTextAndDataMining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Psychiatry Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Brain connectome research based on graph theoretical analysis shows that small-world topological properties play an important role in the structural and functional alterations observed in patients with psychiatric disorders. However, the reported global topological alterations in small-world properties are controversial, are not consistently conceptualized according to agreed-upon criteria, and are not critically examined for consistent alterations in patients with each major psychiatric disorder. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Based on a comprehensive PubMed search, we systematically reviewed studies using noninvasive neuroimaging data and graph theoretical approaches for 6 major psychiatric disorders: schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BD), obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we describe the main patterns of altered small-world properties and then systematically review the evidence for these alterations in the structural and functional connectome in patients with these disorders. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p> We selected 40 studies of schizophrenia, 33 studies of MDD, 5 studies of ADHD, 5 studies of BD, 7 studies of OCD and 5 studies of PTSD. The following 4 patterns of altered small-world properties are defined from the perspectives of segregation and integration: \u201cregularization,\u201d \u201crandomization,\u201d \u201cstronger small-worldization\u201d and \u201cweaker small-worldization.\u201d Although more differences than similarities are noted in patients with these disorders, a prominent trend is the structural regularization versus functional randomization in patients with schizophrenia. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Limitations:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, pre-processing steps and analytical methods can produce contradictory results, increasing the difficulty of integrating results across different studies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p> Four psychoradiological patterns of altered small-world properties are proposed. The analysis of altered small-world properties may provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders from a connectomic perspective. In future connectome studies, the global network measures of both segregation and integration should be calculated to fully evaluate altered small-world properties in patients with a particular disease. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.170214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,5]],"date-time":"2018-11-05T08:11:23Z","timestamp":1541405483000},"page":"416-427","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Psychoradiological patterns of small-world properties and a systematic review of connectome studies of patients with 6 major psychiatric disorders"],"prefix":"10.1139","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Xueling","family":"Suo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041 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