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(2012) Associations between autoimmune thyroid disease prognosis and functional polymorphisms of susceptibility genes, CTLA4, PTPN22, CD40, FCRL3, and ZFAT, previously revealed in genome-wide association studies. <i>J Clin Immunol<\/i> 32:1243-1252.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-012-9721-0"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. Hutloff A, Dittrich AM, Beier KC, Eljaschewitsch B, Kraft R, et al. (1999) ICOS is an inducible T-cell co-stimulator structurally and functionally related to CD28. <i>Nature<\/i> 397:263-266.","DOI":"10.1038\/16717"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. Wang S, Zhu G, Chapoval AI, Dong H, Tamada K, et al. (2000) Costimulation of T cells by B7-H2, a B7-like molecule that binds ICOS. <i>Blood<\/i> 96:2808-2813.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V96.8.2808"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. Aicher A, Hayden-Ledbetter M, Brady WA, Pezzutto A, Richter G, et al. (2000) Characterization of human inducible costimulator ligand expression and function. <i>J Immunol<\/i> 164:4689-4696.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.9.4689"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Yoshinaga SK, Whoriskey JS, Khare SD, Sarmiento U, Guo J, et al. (1999) T-cell co-stimulation through B7RP-1 and ICOS. <i>Nature <\/i> 402:827-832.","DOI":"10.1038\/45582"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. Khayyamian S, Hutloff A, Buchner K, Grafe M, Henn V, et al. (2002) ICOS-ligand, expressed on human endothelial cells, costimulates Th1 and Th2 cytokine secretion by memory CD4+ T cells. <i>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A<\/i> 99:6198-6203.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.092576699"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. Ling V, Wu PW, Miyashiro JS, Marusic S, Finnerty HF, et al. (2001) Differential expression of inducible costimulator-ligand splice variants: lymphoid regulation of mouse GL50-B and human GL50 molecules. <i>J Immunol<\/i> 166:7300-7308.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.12.7300"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Liang L, Porter EM, Sha WC (2002) Constitutive expression of the B7h ligand for inducible costimulator on naive B cells is extinguished after activation by distinct B cell receptor and interleukin 4 receptor-mediated pathways and can be rescued by CD40 signaling. <i>J Exp Med<\/i> 196:97-108.","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020298"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. Wang F, Yan T, Chen L, Chen X, Liu T, et al. (2012) Involvement of inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSL) expression in thyroid tissue in hyperthyroidism of Graves&rsquo; disease patients. <i>J Clin Immunol<\/i> 32:1253-1261.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-012-9711-2"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. Martin-Orozco N, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Hwu P, et al. (2010) Melanoma cells express ICOS ligand to promote the activation and expansion of T-regulatory cells. <i>Cancer Res<\/i> 70:9581-9590.","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-1379"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. Nazzal D, Gradolatto A, Truffault F, Bismuth J, Berrih-Aknin S (2014) Human thymus medullary epithelial cells promote regulatory T-cell generation by stimulating interleukin-2 production via ICOS ligand. <i>Cell Death Dis<\/i> 5:e1420.","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.377"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. Zheng J, Chan PL, Liu Y, Qin G, Xiang Z, et al. (2013) ICOS regulates the generation and function of human CD4+ Treg in a CTLA-4 dependent manner. <i>PLoS One <\/i> 8:e82203.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082203"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. Chen Y, Shen S, Gorentla BK, Gao J, Zhong XP (2012) Murine regulatory T cells contain hyperproliferative and death-prone subsets with differential ICOS expression. <i>J Immunol<\/i> 188:1698-1707.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102448"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Busse M, Krech M, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Hennig C, Hansen G (2012) ICOS mediates the generation and function of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells conveying respiratory tolerance. <i>J Immunol<\/i> 189:1975-1982.","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103581"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Herman AE, Freeman GJ, Mathis D, Benoist C (2004) CD4+CD25+ T regulatory cells dependent on ICOS promote regulation of effector cells in the prediabetic lesion. <i>J Exp Med<\/i> 199:1479-1489.","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040179"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. Galicia G, Kasran A, Uyttenhove C, De Swert K, Van Snick J, et al. (2009) ICOS deficiency results in exacerbated IL-17 mediated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. <i>J Clin Immunol<\/i> 29:426-433.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-009-9287-7"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. Karabon L, Jedynak A, Tomkiewicz A, Wolowiec D, Kielbinski M, et al. (2011) ICOS gene polymorphisms in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the Polish population. <i>Folia Histochem Cytobiol <\/i> 49:49-54.","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.2011.0008"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. Haimila K, Turpeinen H, Alakulppi NS, Kyllonen LE, Salmela KT, et al. (2009) Association of genetic variation in inducible costimulator gene with outcome of kidney transplantation. <i>Transplantation <\/i> 87:393-396.","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318192897a"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30. Xu F, Li D, Zhang Q, Fu Z, Zhang J, et al. (2011) ICOS gene polymorphisms are associated with sporadic breast cancer: a case-control study. <i>BMC Cancer<\/i> 11:392.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-11-392"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Yang P, Tang R, Zhu J, Zou L, Wu R, et al. (2013) A functional variant at miR-24 binding site in B7-H2 alters susceptibility to gastric cancer in a Chinese Han population. <i>Mol Immunol<\/i> 56:98-103.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2013.04.010"},{"key":"32","unstructured":"32. Guidelines for the diagnosis of thyroid disease 2010 (http:\/\/www.japanthyroid.jp\/doctor\/guideline\/english.html)."},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33. Inoue N, Watanabe M, Morita M, Tomizawa R, Akamizu T, et al. (2010) Association of functional polymorphisms related to the transcriptional level of FOXP3 with prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. <i>Clin Exp Immunol<\/i> 162:402-406.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2010.04229.x"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34. Tomizawa R, Watanabe M, Inoue N, Takemura K, Hidaka Y, et al. (2011) Association of functional GITR gene polymorphisms related to expression of glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor-receptor (GITR) molecules with prognosis of autoimmune thyroid disease. <i>Clin Exp Immunol<\/i> 165:141-147.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2011.04414.x"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"35. Yamada H, Watanabe M, Nanba T, Akamizu T, Iwatani Y (2008) The +869T\/C polymorphism in the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene is associated with the severity and intractability of autoimmune thyroid disease. <i>Clin Exp Immunol <\/i> 151:379-382.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2007.03575.x"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"36. Whitehead GS, Wilson RH, Nakano K, Burch LH, Nakano H, et al. (2012) IL-35 production by inducible costimulator (ICOS)-positive regulatory T cells reverses established IL-17-dependent allergic airways disease. <i>J Allergy Clin Immunol<\/i> 129: 207-215.e1-5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.08.009"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"37. Hayashi F, Watanabe M, Nanba T, Inoue N, Akamizu T, et al. (2009) Association of the -31C\/T functional polymorphism in the interleukin-1beta gene with the intractability of Graves&rsquo; disease and the proportion of T helper type 17 cells. <i>Clin Exp Immunol<\/i> 158:281-286.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2009.04034.x"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"38. Nakano A, Watanabe M, Iida T, Kuroda S, Matsuzuka F, et al. 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