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(1991) Adrenocorticotropic hormone-independent bilateral adrenocortical macronodular hyperplasia as a distinct subtype of Cushing\u2019s syndrome. Enzyme histochemical and ultrastructural study of four cases with a review of the literature. Am J Clin Pathol 96: 334\u2013340.","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/96.3.334"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2 Kirschner MA, Powell RD Jr, Lipsett MB (1964) Cushing\u2019s syndrome: nodular cortical hyperplasia of adrenal glands with clinical and pathological features suggesting adrenocortical tumor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 24: 947\u2013955.","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-24-10-947"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3 Lieberman SA, Eccleshall TR, Feldman D (1994) ACTH-independent massive bilateral adrenal disease (AIMBAD): a subtype of Cushing\u2019s syndrome with major diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Eur J Endocrinol 131: 67\u201373.","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1310067"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4 Lacroix A (2009) ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 23: 245\u2013259.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2008.10.011"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5 Swain JM, Grant CS, Schlinkert RT, Thompson GB, vanHeerden JA, et al. (1998) Corticotropin-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: a clinicopathologic correlation. Arch Surg 133: 541\u2013545; discussion 545\u2013546.","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.133.5.541"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"6 Ohashi A, Yamada Y, Sakaguchi K, Inoue T, Kubo M, et al. (2001) A natural history of adrenocorticotropin-independent bilateral adrenal macronodular hyperplasia (AIMAH) from preclinical to clinically overt Cushing\u2019s syndrome. Endocr J 48: 677\u2013683.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.48.677"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"7 Lacroix A, Ndiaye N, Tremblay J, Hamet P (2001) Ectopic and abnormal hormone receptors in adrenal Cushing\u2019s syndrome. Endocr Rev 22: 75\u2013110."},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8 Vezzosi D, Libe R, Baudry C, Rizk-Rabin M, Horvath A, et al. (2012) Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) gene defects in patients with acth-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (AIMAH): functional variants may contribute to genetic susceptibility of bilateral adrenal tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 97: E2063\u2013E2069.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2275"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"9 Fragoso MCB, Domenice S, Latronico AC, Martin RM, Pereira MA, et al. (2003) Cushing\u2019s syndrome secondary to adrenocorticotropin-independent macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia due to activating mutations of GNAS1 gene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88: 2147\u20132151.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021362"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10 Hsiao HP, Kirschner LS, Bourdeau I, Keil MF, Boikos SA, et al. (2009) Clinical and genetic heterogeneity, overlap with other tumor syndromes, and atypical glucocorticoid hormone secretion in adrenocorticotropin-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia compared with other adrenocortical tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94: 2930\u20132937.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0516"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11 Yamakita N, Murai T, Ito Y, Miura K, Ikeda T, et al. (1997) Adrenocorticotropin-independent macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia associated with multiple colon adenomas\/carcinomas which showed a point mutation in the APC gene. Intern Med 36: 536\u2013542.","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.36.536"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12 Matyakhina L, Freedman RJ, Bourdeau I, Wei MH, Stergiopoulos SG, et al. (2005) Hereditary leiomyomatosis associated with bilateral, massive, macronodular adrenocortical disease and atypical cushing syndrome: a clinical and molecular genetic investigation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90: 3773\u20133779.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2377"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13 Faillot S, Assie G (2016) Endocrine tumours: the genomics of adrenocortical tumors. Eur J Endocrinol 174: R249\u2013R265.","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-1118"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14 Assie G, Libe R, Espiard S, Rizk-Rabin M, Guimier A, et al. (2013) ARMC5 mutations in macronodular adrenal hyperplasia with Cushing\u2019s syndrome. N Engl J Med 369: 2105\u20132114.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1304603"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15 Alencar GA, Lerario AM, Nishi MY, Mariani BM, Almeida MQ, et al. (2014) ARMC5 mutations are a frequent cause of primary macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99: E1501\u2013E1509."},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16 Faucz FR, Zilbermint M, Lodish MB, Szarek E, Trivellin G, et al. (2014) Macronodular adrenal hyperplasia due to mutations in an armadillo repeat containing 5 (ARMC5) gene: a clinical and genetic investigation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99: E1113\u2013E1119.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-4280"},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17 Espiard S, Drougat L, Libe R, Assie G, Perlemoine K, et al. (2015) ARMC5 mutations in a large cohort of primary macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: clinical and functional consequences. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100: E926\u2013E935."},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18 Albiger NM, Regazzo D, Rubin B, Ferrara AM, Rizzati S, et al. (2017) A multicenter experience on the prevalence of ARMC5 mutations in patients with primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: from genetic characterization to clinical phenotype. Endocrine 55: 959\u2013968.","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0956-z"},{"key":"19","unstructured":"19 Yu L, Zhang J, Guo X, Chen X, He Z, et al. (2018) ARMC5 mutations in familial and sporadic primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. PLoS One 13: e0191602."},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20 Lodish M, Stratakis CA (2016) A genetic and molecular update on adrenocortical causes of Cushing syndrome. Nat Rev Endocrinol 12: 255\u2013262.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.24"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21 Bonnet-Serrano F, Bertherat J (2018) Genetics of tumors of the adrenal cortex. Endocr Relat Cancer 25: R131\u2013R152.","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-17-0361"},{"key":"22","unstructured":"22 Gagliardi L, Schreiber AW, Hahn CN, Feng J, Cranston T, et al. (2014) ARMC5 mutations are common in familial bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99: E1784\u2013E1792."},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23 Young WF Jr, Calhoun DA, Lenders JWM, Stowasser M, Textor SC (2017) Screening for endocrine hypertension: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. Endocr Rev 38: 103\u2013122.","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00054"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24 Louiset E, Contesse V, Groussin L, Cartier D, Duparc C, et al. (2006) Expression of serotonin<sub>7<\/sub> receptor and coupling of ectopic receptors to protein kinase A and ionic currents in adrenocorticotropin-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia causing Cushing\u2019s syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91: 4578\u20134586.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0538"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25 Louiset E, Contesse V, Groussin L, Cartier D, Duparc C, et al. (2008) Expression of vasopressin receptors in ACTH-independent macronodular bilateral adrenal hyperplasia causing Cushing\u2019s syndrome: molecular, immunohistochemical and pharmacological correlates. J Endocrinol 196: 1\u20139.","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-07-0413"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26 Imohl M, Koditz R, Stachon A, Muller KM, Nicolas V, et al. (2002) Catecholamine-dependent hereditary Cushing\u2019s syndrome\u2014follow-up after unilateral adrenalectomy. Med Klin (Munich) 97: 747\u2013753 (In German).","DOI":"10.1007\/s00063-002-1220-2"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27 Miyamura N, Tsutsumi A, Senokuchi H, Nakamaru K, Kawashima J, et al. (2003) A case of ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: simultaneous expression of several aberrant hormone receptors in the adrenal gland. Endocr J 50: 333\u2013340.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.50.333"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28 Lacroix A, Tremblay J, Rousseau G, Bouvier M, Hamet P (1997) Propranolol therapy for ectopic beta-adrenergic receptors in adrenal Cushing\u2019s syndrome. N Engl J Med 337: 1429\u20131434.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199711133372004"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29 Mazzuco TL, Chaffanjon P, Martinie M, Sturm N, Chabre O (2009) Adrenal Cushing\u2019s syndrome due to bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: prediction of the efficacy of beta-blockade therapy and interest of unilateral adrenalectomy. Endocr J 56: 867\u2013877.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K08E-370"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"30 Zhang Q, Cui L, Gao JP, Yan WH, Jin N, et al. (2018) Whole-genome sequencing revealed armadillo repeat containing 5 (ARMC5) mutation in a Chinese family with ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. Endocr J 65: 269\u2013279.","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ17-0317"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31 Tissier F, Cavard C, Groussin L, Perlemoine K, Fumey G, et al. (2005) Mutations of beta-catenin in adrenocortical tumors: activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is a frequent event in both benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors. Cancer Res 65: 7622\u20137627.","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0593"},{"key":"32","unstructured":"32 Zilbermint M, Xekouki P, Faucz FR, Berthon A, Gkourogianni A, et al. (2015) Primary aldosteronism and ARMC5 variants. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 100: E900\u2013E909."},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"33 Louiset E, Duparc C, Young J, Renouf S, Tetsi Nomigni M, et al. (2013) Intraadrenal corticotropin in bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 369: 2115\u20132125.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215245"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"34 Liu Q, Tong D, Xu J, Yang X, Yi Y, et al. (2018) A novel germline ARMC5 mutation in a patient with bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia: a case report. 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