{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T08:05:58Z","timestamp":1769846758188,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although exercise-induced bronchoconstriction is more common in adolescents with asthma, it also manifests in healthy individuals without asthma. The steady-state exercise protocol is widely used and recommended by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) as a method to diagnose exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Airway narrowing in response to exercise is thought to be related to airway wall dehydration secondary to hyperventilation. More rigorous exercise protocols may have a role in detecting exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in those who otherwise have a normal response to steady-state exercise challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to determine the effect of two different exercise protocols\u2014a constant work rate protocol and a progressive ramp protocol\u2014on pulmonary function testing in healthy adolescents. We hypothesized that vigorous exercise protocols would lead to reductions in lung function in healthy adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 56 healthy adolescents (mean age, 15.2\u2009\u00b1\u20093.3 [SD] years) were recruited to perform two exercise protocols: constant work rate exercise test to evaluate for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (as defined by ATS) and standardized progressive ramp protocol. Pulmonary function abnormalities were defined as a decline from baseline in FEV1 of greater than 10%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten participants (17.8%) had a significant drop in FEV1. Among those with abnormal lung function after exercise, three (30%) were after the ATS test only, five (50%) were after the ramp test only, and two (20%) were after both ATS and ramp tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Healthy adolescents demonstrate subtle bronchoconstriction after exercise. This exercise-induced bronchoconstriction may be detected in healthy adolescents via constant work rate or the progressive ramp protocol. In a clinical setting, ramp testing warrants consideration in adolescents suspected of having exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and who have normal responses to steady-state exercise testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1513\/annalsats.201411-520oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,24]],"date-time":"2015-04-24T09:35:47Z","timestamp":1429868147000},"page":"872-877","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vigorous Exercise Can Cause Abnormal Pulmonary Function in Healthy Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Alladdin","family":"Abosaida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), Irvine, California"},{"name":"Miller Children\u2019s Hospital, Long Beach, California; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5628-8977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jen Jen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), Irvine, California"},{"name":"Miller Children\u2019s Hospital, Long Beach, California; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliezer","family":"Nussbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), Irvine, California"},{"name":"Miller Children\u2019s Hospital, Long Beach, California; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Szu-Yun","family":"Leu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), Irvine, California"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, UC Irvine, Irvine, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), Irvine, California"},{"name":"Miller Children\u2019s Hospital, Long Beach, California; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina D.","family":"Schwindt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine (UC Irvine), Irvine, California"},{"name":"Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, UC Irvine, Irvine, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/01.all.0000199797.02423.78","article-title":"How does exercise cause asthma attacks?","volume":"6","author":"Anderson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32831da8ab","article-title":"Exercise-induced asthma","volume":"15","author":"Parsons","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2011-090810","article-title":"Assessment and prevention of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction","volume":"46","author":"Anderson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.045682","article-title":"Asthma prevalence in 1973, 1988 and 2003","volume":"61","author":"Burr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-009-0064-8","article-title":"An update on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction with and without asthma","volume":"9","author":"Randolph","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2007.02.041","article-title":"American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology work group report: exercise-induced asthma","volume":"119","author":"Weiler","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2026012303401066600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.1.ats11-99","article-title":"Guidelines for methacholine and exercise challenge testing-1999. 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