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We present evidence that sphingolipids such as ceramides are involved in the emphysema pathogenesis. Whereas distinct ceramide species cause cell death by apoptosis and necroptosis, cell adaptation leads to accumulation of other sphingolipid metabolites that extend cell survival by triggering autophagy. Cigarette smoke\u2013released sphingolipids have been involved in both the initiation and persistence of lung injury via intracellular signaling and paracrine effects mediated via exosomes and plasma membrane\u2013bound microparticles. Strategies to control sphingolipid metabolite production may promote cellular repair and maintenance to treat COPD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1513\/annalsats.201809-592mg","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,14]],"date-time":"2018-12-14T10:35:23Z","timestamp":1544783723000},"page":"S249-S252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Bioactive Sphingolipids in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4677-3589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kengo","family":"Koike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health and University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny V.","family":"Berdyshev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health and University of Colorado, Denver, 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