{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T17:53:12Z","timestamp":1788976392933,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.atsjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The coagulation cascade may play a role in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease through increased production of thrombin and fibrin deposition. Whether circulating coagulation cascade factors are linked to lung inflammation and scarring among community-dwelling adults is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To test the hypothesis that higher baseline D-dimer concentrations are associated with markers of early lung injury and scarring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) cohort (n = 6,814), we examined associations of baseline D-dimer concentrations with high attenuation areas from examination 1 (2000\u20132002; n = 6,184) and interstitial lung abnormalities from examination 5 computed tomographic (CT) scans (2010\u20132012; n = 2,227), and serum MMP-7 (matrix metalloproteinase-7) and SP-A (surfactant protein-A) from examination 1 (n = 1,098). We examined longitudinal change in forced vital capacity (FVC) from examinations 3\u20136 (2004\u20132018, n = 3,562). We used linear logistic regression and linear mixed models to examine associations and adjust for potential confounders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean (standard deviation) age of the cohort was 62 (10) years, and the D-dimer concentration was 0.35 (0.69) ug\/ml. For every 10% increase in D-dimer concentration, there was an increase in high attenuation area percentage of 0.27 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.08\u20130.47) after adjustment for covariates. Associations were stronger among those older than 65 years (P values for interaction &amp;lt; 0.001). A 10% increase in D-dimer concentration was associated with an odds ratio of 1.05 for interstitial lung abnormalities (95% CI, 0.99\u20131.11). Higher D-dimer concentrations were associated with higher serum MMP-7 and a faster decline in FVC. D-dimer was not associated with SP-A.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher D-dimer concentrations were associated with a greater burden of lung parenchymal abnormalities detected on CT scan, MMP-7, and FVC decline among community-dwelling adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1513\/annalsats.202012-1557oc","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]],"date-time":"2021-04-16T16:40:34Z","timestamp":1618591234000},"page":"1839-1848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Associations of D-Dimer with Computed Tomographic Lung Abnormalities, Serum Biomarkers of Lung Injury, and Forced Vital Capacity: MESA Lung Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"John S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9274-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michaela R.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elana J.","family":"Bernstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth C.","family":"Oelsner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganesh","family":"Raghu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imre","family":"Noth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael Y.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H. 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