{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:45:46Z","timestamp":1792226746000,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1362,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HX002263-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HX002263-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HX002263-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HX002263-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.atsjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"DOI":"10.1513\/annalsats.202105-548rl","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T17:00:56Z","timestamp":1642179656000},"page":"857-860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/crossmarkpolicies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Pleural Fluid Echogenicity Measured by Ultrasound Image Pixel Density to Differentiate Transudative versus Exudative Pleural Effusions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8460-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilam J.","family":"Soni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio, Texas"},{"name":"South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary S.","family":"Dreyfuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Methodist Health System Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shane","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Enenmoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin C.","family":"Proud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio, Texas"},{"name":"South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Mader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria I.","family":"Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8796-3966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean B.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5230-1062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay I.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio, Texas"},{"name":"South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9107-3405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos I.","family":"Restrepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio, Texas"},{"name":"South Texas Veterans Health Care System San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1403503","article-title":"Pleural disease","volume":"378","author":"Feller-Kopman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.159.1.1609716","article-title":"Value of sonography in determining the nature of pleural effusion: analysis of 320 cases","volume":"159","author":"Yang","year":"1992","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.09.009","article-title":"Sonographic appearances in transudative pleural effusions: not always an anechoic pattern","volume":"34","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1159\/000496153","article-title":"Prospective analysis of the predictive value of sonographic pleural fluid echogenicity for the diagnosis of exudative effusion","volume":"97","author":"Asciak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-77-4-507","article-title":"Pleural effusions: the diagnostic separation of transudates and exudates","volume":"77","author":"Light","year":"1972","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1297.110","article-title":"Ultrasound as an alternative to aspiration for determining the nature of pleural effusion, especially in older people","volume":"1019","author":"Sajadieh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib7","first-page":"1283590","article-title":"The use of a novel quantitative marker of echogenicity of pleural fluid in parapneumonic pleural effusions","volume":"2020","author":"Varsamas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"2026012203314966100_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.159.4.1529829","article-title":"Diagnostic and therapeutic use of chest sonography: value in critically ill patients","volume":"159","author":"Yu","year":"1992","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"}],"container-title":["Annals of the American Thoracic Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/article-pdf\/19\/5\/857\/66344323\/annalsats_19_5_857.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/article-pdf\/19\/5\/857\/66344323\/annalsats_19_5_857.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T08:34:32Z","timestamp":1769070872000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/article\/19\/5\/857\/8418977"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/annalsats.202105-548rl","relation":{},"ISSN":["2329-6933","2325-6621"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2329-6933","type":"print"},{"value":"2325-6621","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}