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The chest X-ray is of limited utility in LVRS evaluation. Chest computed tomography (CT) scanning is an essential component of the evaluation, demonstrating the presence of emphysema and its amount and distribution. Clinical experience has shown that a substantial minority of chest CT scans will also demonstrate pulmonary nodules, some of which represent lung cancers. Published series, including the National Emphysema Treatment Trial, consistently demonstrate that patients with upper lobe predominant or heterogeneous emphysema are most likely to benefit from LVRS. Heterogeneity and distribution can also be assessed by radionuclide ventilation perfusion scanning, but this modality adds little additional information to CT scanning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200802-017et","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,5]],"date-time":"2008-05-05T00:45:21Z","timestamp":1209948321000},"page":"421-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Radiographic Evaluation of the Potential Lung Volume Reduction Surgery Candidate"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"George R.","family":"Washko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John 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