{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:19:40Z","timestamp":1791386380405,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall survival rates of lung transplantation have improved since the first human lung transplantation was performed. A decline in the incidence of airway complications (AC) had been a key feature to achieve the current outcomes. Several proposed risk factors to the development of airway complications have been identified, ranging from the surgical technique to the immunosuppressive regimen. There are essentially six different airway complications post-lung transplantation. The most frequently reported complication is bronchial stenosis. Other complications include bronchial dehiscence, exophytic excessive granulation tissue formation, tracheo-bronchomalacia, bronchial fistulas, and endobronchial infections. The management of post-transplant bronchial complications needs a multispecialty team approach. Prevention of some complications may be possible by early and aggressive medical management as well as by using certain surgical techniques for transplantation. Interventional bronchoscopic procedures, including balloon bronchoplasty, cryotherapy, laser photoresection, electrocautery, high-dose endobronchial brachytherapy, and bronchial stents are among the armamentarium. Also, medical management, like antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy for endobronchial infections, or noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in case of bronchomalacia, are used to treat an AC. In some cases, different surgical approaches are occasionally required. In this article we review the risk factors, the clinical presentation, the diagnostic methods, as well as the management options of the most common AC after lung transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200808-094go","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T11:47:50Z","timestamp":1231415270000},"page":"79-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":251,"title":["Airway Complications and Management after Lung Transplantation: Ischemia, Dehiscence, and Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jose Fernando","family":"Santacruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul C.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)91038-3","volume":"57","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)01556-8","volume":"69","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2872","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.97.10122872","volume":"10","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2007.01.025","volume":"31","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2007.02.021","volume":"18","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S1052-3359(25)00828-2","volume":"11","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest Surg Clin N Am"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(99)00091-3","volume":"15","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)83852-0","volume":"63","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(01)00619-4","volume":"19","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)90382-4","volume":"57","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.05.018","volume":"84","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(95)70065-X","volume":"110","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000061229.83500.A0","volume":"75","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB14","first-page":"5","volume":"5","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1081286","volume":"29","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)02127-5","volume":"71","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2004.01.008","volume":"24","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.1.9909001","volume":"162","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1080\/14017430050142288","volume":"34","year":"2000","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-198311000-00003","volume":"18","year":"1983","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-7940(92)90213-H","volume":"6","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB22","first-page":"767","volume":"13","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(94)70330-2","volume":"107","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.110188","volume":"121","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB25","first-page":"302","volume":"16","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB26","first-page":"290","volume":"40","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.06.053","volume":"131","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199501000-00003","volume":"221","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB29","first-page":"255","volume":"41","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.102.5.1522","volume":"102","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(00)00316-8","volume":"20","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2005.07.012","volume":"25","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(03)00309-7","volume":"23","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000064083.02120.2C","volume":"75","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2004.11.049","volume":"24","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)36753-4","volume":"101","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/1010-7940(92)90247-U","volume":"6","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-832714","volume":"25","year":"2004","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2003.00425.x","volume":"8","year":"2003","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.04.019","volume":"101","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2007.05.021","volume":"39","year":"2007","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.199.3.8638016","volume":"199","year":"1996","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1097\/LBR.0b013e318162c415","volume":"15","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Bronchology."},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB44","first-page":"236S","volume":"130","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.274065141","volume":"27","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/01.laboratory.0000159783.34078.3d","volume":"12","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Bronchology."},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.13.4.8356268","volume":"13","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300050217","volume":"7","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.16.2.8966293","volume":"16","year":"1996","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.194.3.7862994","volume":"194","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.103.4.1255","volume":"103","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.105.3.934","volume":"105","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.6.1894","volume":"120","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.126.2.634","volume":"126","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB55","year":"2004"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/00128594-200310000-00006","volume":"10","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Bronchology."},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.02.028","volume":"82","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.07.026","volume":"84","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.130.5.1419","volume":"130","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.06.00013906","volume":"27","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200410-1388OC","volume":"172","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1097\/01.lab.0000158968.46655.e3","volume":"12","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Bronchology."},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.153.6.1181","volume":"153","year":"1989","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.194.1.7997554","volume":"194","year":"1995","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)02698-4","volume":"72","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2007.07.2324","volume":"70","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(99)00117-5","volume":"19","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(97)00207-8","volume":"12","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(97)00208-X","volume":"12","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.110.3.718","volume":"110","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.6.1968","volume":"119","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.6.2103","volume":"120","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.10.057","volume":"134","year":"2006","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.05.067","volume":"82","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00466-1","volume":"76","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB76","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB77","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2006.11.002","volume":"31","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3955","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.6.3955","volume":"128","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB80","first-page":"394","volume":"42","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Bronconeumol"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2005.044537","volume":"62","year":"2007","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(93)90695-E","volume":"56","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(98)01242-9","volume":"67","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(00)00154-6","volume":"19","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2006.09.013","volume":"25","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.112460","volume":"121","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.122.4.1185","volume":"122","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(02)00477-1","volume":"22","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3062.4.s3.4.x","volume":"4","year":"2002","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.104.3.681","volume":"104","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00248102","volume":"20","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01128.x","volume":"11","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.119.1.169","volume":"119","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2008.05.021","volume":"27","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2003.09.028","volume":"23","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2003.09.113","volume":"79","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2007.05.010","volume":"26","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/01.lbr.0000212544.32835.64","volume":"14","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Bronchology."},{"key":"2026020502090871800_BIB99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-2498(02)00487-4","volume":"22","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Heart Lung Transplant"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/79\/66619188\/annalsats_6_1_79.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/79\/66619188\/annalsats_6_1_79.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T07:09:42Z","timestamp":1770275382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/article\/6\/1\/79\/8441462"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":99,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/pats.200808-094go","relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-3222","1943-5665"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-3222","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-5665","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}