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This article proposes a pattern-based approach for capturing and describing behavioral changes by integrating recent advantages in the fields of system monitoring and model differencing. Observed changes are described as lifted model differences between two model versions. This helps in explaining observable evolution with a change-first approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/auto-2018-0046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,22]],"date-time":"2019-03-22T14:09:14Z","timestamp":1553263754000},"page":"795-805","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Using model differencing to reason about observable behavior changes of manufacturing systems"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Pietsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Group , University of Siegen , H\u00f6lderlinstra\u00dfe 3 , 57068 Siegen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Kelter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Group , University of Siegen , H\u00f6lderlinstra\u00dfe 3 , 57068 Siegen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Haubeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Distributed Systems and Information Systems , University of Hamburg , Vogt-K\u00f6lln-Stra\u00dfe 30 , 22527 Hamburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Winfried","family":"Lamersdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Distributed Systems and Information Systems , University of Hamburg , Vogt-K\u00f6lln-Stra\u00dfe 30 , 22527 Hamburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Automation Technology Institute , Helmut-Schmidt-University , Holstenhofweg 85 , 22043 Hamburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Fay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Automation Technology Institute , Helmut-Schmidt-University , Holstenhofweg 85 , 22043 Hamburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033119232301563_j_auto-2018-0046_ref_001_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1ab1b7b1Aa","unstructured":"Luca Berardinelli, Stefan Biffl, Emanuel Maetzler, Tanja Mayerhofer and Manuel Wimmer, Model-based co-evolution of production systems and their libraries with AutomationML, in: Conf. on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation."},{"key":"2023033119232301563_j_auto-2018-0046_ref_002_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1ab1b7b2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valentina Boschian, Mariagrazia Dotoli, Maria Pia Fanti, Giorgio Iacobellis and Walter Ukovich, A metamodeling approach to the management of intermodal transportation networks, Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 8 (2011), 457\u2013469.10.1109\/TASE.2010.2090870","DOI":"10.1109\/TASE.2010.2090870"},{"key":"2023033119232301563_j_auto-2018-0046_ref_003_w2aab3b7b5b1b6b1ab1b7b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petra Brosch, Philip Langer, Martina Seidl, Konrad Wieland, Manuel Wimmer andet al., An example is worth a thousand words: Composite operation modeling by-example, in: Int. 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