{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T04:05:42Z","timestamp":1762401942113,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"11","funder":[{"name":"German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action","award":["03EI4046E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03EI4046E"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wide-area monitoring, protection, and control (WAMPAC) systems are essential for ensuring stability in modern electric power grids with large shares of converter-based renewable generation. Laboratory environments allow risk-free validation before field deployment. Building on our Control Center Laboratory and Real-Time Simulation (CLARO) framework, we implement complete WAMPAC workflows that couple real-time grid simulation (Opal-RT), standardized communication protocols (IEEE C37.118, IEC 61850, IEC 60870-5-104, Modbus), and modern information-technology\/operational-technology (IT\/OT) architectures (Apache Kafka, Kubernetes, containerization). A real-time automation controller executes corrective actions using Generic Object Oriented Substation Event (GOOSE) messages based on a pre-computed catalog of measures. On a synthetic 118-bus benchmark, phasor-measurement-unit (PMU) driven end-to-end delays from disturbance to control action remain below 250\u202fms, while PMU-enhanced state estimation reduces bus-voltage magnitude error by over 40\u202f% compared with Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) only. These results demonstrate the feasibility of realistic, lab-based WAMPAC validation and highlight how integrating modern IT\/OT stacks strengthens grid resilience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/auto-2025-0098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T04:02:33Z","timestamp":1762401753000},"page":"868-879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Implementation of WAMPAC in the CLARO environment"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6084-2184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem","family":"Kashtanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-3191-8057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arpit","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7678-9215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Glende","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3332-0078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shafaque","family":"Talpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0281-0501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Wolter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otto von Guericke University , Magdeburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025110604022646482_j_auto-2025-0098_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V. 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