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Researchers in this field aim to remove any obstacles that prevent the communication with deaf people by replacing all device-based techniques with vision-based techniques using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Deep Learning. This article highlights two main SL processing tasks: Sign Language Recognition (SLR) and Sign Language Identification (SLID). The latter task is targeted to identify the signer language, while the former is aimed to translate the signer conversation into tokens (signs). The article addresses the most common datasets used in the literature for the two tasks (static and dynamic datasets that are collected from different corpora) with different contents including numerical, alphabets, words, and sentences from different SLs. It also discusses the devices required to build these datasets, as well as the different preprocessing steps applied before training and testing. The article compares the different approaches and techniques applied on these datasets. It discusses both the vision-based and the data-gloves-based approaches, aiming to analyze and focus on main methods used in vision-based approaches such as hybrid methods and deep learning algorithms. Furthermore, the article presents a graphical depiction and a tabular representation of various SLR approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/comp-2022-0240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]],"date-time":"2022-05-25T19:28:40Z","timestamp":1653506920000},"page":"191-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Sign language identification and recognition: A comparative study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Sultan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science Department , Beni-Suef University , Egypt"}]},{"given":"Walied","family":"Makram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computers and Information, Information System Department , Minia University , Egypt"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Kayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computers and Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science Department , Beni-Suef University , Egypt"}]},{"given":"Abdelmaged Amin","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computers and Information, Information System Department , Minia University , Egypt"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022081707553249753_j_comp-2022-0240_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. 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