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AMPLIFY"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Current interaction modalities for mobile Augmented Reality (AR) are tedious and lack expressiveness. To overcome these prevalent limitations, we developed and evaluated a multimodal interaction concept by pairing a smartphone as an input and output modality for mobile AR. In a user study (n = 24), we investigated the effects on interaction speed, accuracy, and task load for (1) virtual object manipulation as well as (2) interaction with established graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Our findings show that a smartphone-based AR controller results in significantly faster and more accurate object manipulation with reduced task load than state-of-art mid-air gestures. Our results also indicate a significant enhancement for using the physical touchscreen as a modality compared to mid-air gestures for GUI interaction. We conclude that interaction in mobile AR environments can be improved by utilizing a smartphone as an omnipresent controller. Additionally, we discuss how future AR systems can benefit from tangible touchscreens as an additional and complementary interaction modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/icom-2021-0003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,23]],"date-time":"2021-04-23T14:10:33Z","timestamp":1619187033000},"page":"49-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The SmARtphone Controller"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9578-9953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Knierim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Centered Ubiquitous Media , LMU Munich , Munich , Germany"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Hein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Centered Ubiquitous Media , LMU Munich , Munich , Germany"}]},{"given":"Albrecht","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Centered Ubiquitous Media , LMU Munich , Munich , Germany"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human-Computer Interaction , 26536 Technical University of Darmstadt , Darmstadt , Germany"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033117384562242_j_icom-2021-0003_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammed Al-Sada, Fumiko Ishizawa, Junichi Tsurukawa, and Tatsuo Nakajima. 2016. 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