{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:27:23Z","timestamp":1780086443773,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Research on Human-Robot Interaction is increasing as system become widely available and reached a level that enables smooth interactions. Yet, many research projects act in a silo mentality, in regard of participatory, ethical, or legal matters of social robotics. Knowledge about specific challenges is not universal and has often to be transferred from non-robotic contexts. We present findings in the three dimensions: participatory design, ethics for social robots and legal aspects. We accompanied eight research projects on social robots in real-world scenarios for three years. During that time, we spoke, observed, and helped (where possible) the research projects. This gave us specific insights into their work. Our findings work in three dimensions. In participatory design we observed that the trust relationship to users is essential to gain truthful insights and that a mixed method approach is promising. Regarding ethical aspects, we could see that ethical matters should be answered early on. And in the legal dimensions we noticed that the GDPR regulations are a challenge that often requires the help of experts. This work is reflecting on the observation of eight projects and is collecting lessons learned to help future projects and to learn from previous work.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/icom-2022-0025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]],"date-time":"2022-07-19T08:23:48Z","timestamp":1658219028000},"page":"299-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Ethical, Legal &amp; Participatory Concerns in the Development of Human-Robot Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Carros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"14312 Universit\u00e4t Siegen , Wirtschaftsinformatik und Neue Medien , Kohlbettstra\u00dfe 15 , Siegen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"St\u00f6rzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9375 Georg-August-Universit\u00e4t G\u00f6ttingen , Philosophisches Seminar , Humboldtallee 19 , Gottingen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Wierling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"14312 Universit\u00e4t Siegen , Fakult\u00e4t III: B\u00fcrgerliches Recht und Wirtschaftsrecht , Kohlbettstra\u00dfe 15 , Siegen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Preussner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"14312 Universit\u00e4t Siegen , Wirtschaftsinformatik und Neue Medien , Kohlbettstra\u00dfe 15 , Siegen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Tolmie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"14312 Universit\u00e4t Siegen , Wirtschaftsinformatik und Neue Medien , Kohlbettstra\u00dfe 15 , Siegen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023033118114027237_j_icom-2022-0025_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azenkot, S., Feng, C., & Cakmak, M. (2016, March). Enabling building service robots to guide blind people a participatory design approach. In 2016 11th ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp.\u20093\u201310). IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/HRI.2016.7451727"},{"key":"2023033118114027237_j_icom-2022-0025_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carros F., Eilers H., Langendorf J., G\u00f6zler M., Wieching R., L\u00fcssem J. (2022a). Roboter als intelligente Assistenten in Betreuung und Pflege \u2013 Grenzen und Perspektiven im Praxiseinsatz. In Pfannstiel, M.\u2009A. (eds) K\u00fcnstliche Intelligenz im Gesundheitswesen. Springer Gabler, Wiesbaden. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-658-33597-7_38.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-33597-7_38"},{"key":"2023033118114027237_j_icom-2022-0025_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carros, F., Schwaninger, I., Preussner, A., Randall, D., Wieching, R., Fitzpatrick, G., and Wulf, V. (2022b). Care Workers Making Use of Robots: Results of a Three-Month Study on Human-Robot Interaction within a Care Home. In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201922), April 29\u2013May 5, 2022, New Orleans, LA, USA. ACM, New Orleans, LA, USA. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3491102.3517435.","DOI":"10.1145\/3491102.3517435"},{"key":"2023033118114027237_j_icom-2022-0025_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carros, F., Meurer, J., L\u00f6ffler, D., Unbehaun, D., Matthies, S., Koch, I., ... & Wulf, V. (2020, April). Exploring human-robot interaction with the elderly: results from a ten-week case study in a care home. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp.\u20091\u201312).","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376402"},{"key":"2023033118114027237_j_icom-2022-0025_ref_005","unstructured":"Carros, F., (2019). Roboter in der Pflege, ein Schreckgespenst?. Mensch und Computer 2019 \u2013 Workshopband. 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Critical reflections on participation in design. In Socio-Informatics. Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198733249.003.0008"},{"key":"2023033118114027237_j_icom-2022-0025_ref_019","unstructured":"Wallach, Wendell. (2010). Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong. 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