{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T18:03:40Z","timestamp":1770919420558,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513123200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin A deficiency is a prevalent health problem in many areas of the world, where cassava genotypes with high pro-vitamin A content have been identified as a strategy to address this issue. In this study, we found a positive correlation between the color of the root pulp and the total carotenoid contents and, importantly, showed how CIELAB color measurements can be used as a non-destructive and fast technique to quantify the amount of carotenoids in cassava root samples, as opposed to traditional methods. We trained several machine learning models using UV-visible spectrophotometry data, CIELAB data and a low-level data fusion of the two. Best performance models were obtained for the total carotenoids contents calculated using the UV-visible dataset as input, with <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> values above 90 %. Using CIELAB and fusion data, values around 60 % and above 90 % were found. Importantly, these results demonstrated how data fusion can lead to a better model performance for prediction when comparing to the use of a single data source. Considering all these findings, the use of colorimetric data associated with UV-visible and HPLC data through statistical and machine learning methods is a reliable way of predicting the content of total carotenoids in cassava root samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jib-2017-0056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]],"date-time":"2017-12-13T07:59:31Z","timestamp":1513151971000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["UV-Vis and CIELAB Based Chemometric Characterization of Manihot esculenta Carotenoid Contents"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Telma","family":"Afonso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Biological Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Moresco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Virgilio G.","family":"Uarrota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Bruno Bachiega","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Eduardo da C.","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Catarina State Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Agency (EPAGRI), Experimental Station of Urussanga, Urussanga, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Maraschin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Biological Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2013.12.004","article-title":"Reflectance colorimetry as a simple method for estimating carotenoid content in maize grain","volume":"59","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cereal Sci"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.11.081","article-title":"Prediction of carotenoids, cyanide and dry matter contents in fresh cassava root using NIRS and Hunter color techniques","volume":"151","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1145\/2347736.2347755","article-title":"A few useful things to know about machine learning","volume":"55","year":"2012","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.03.015","article-title":"Relationship between the colour and the chemical structure of carotenoid pigments","volume":"101","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref371","volume-title":"Multisensor data fusion: from algorithms and architectural design to applications","volume":"vol. 1","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512005004","article-title":"Biofortified cassava increases \u03b2-carotene and vitamin A concentrations in the TAG-rich plasma layer of American women","volume":"110","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114512005004","article-title":"Biofortified cassava increases \u03b2-carotene and vitamin A concentrations in the TAG-rich plasma layer of American women","volume":"110","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12616156","article-title":"Skin color measurements in terms of CIELAB color space values","volume":"99","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcs.2013.12.004","article-title":"Reflectance colorimetry as a simple method for estimating carotenoid content in maize grain","volume":"59","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cereal Sci"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000042","article-title":"Provitamin A carotenoid bioavailability: what really matters?","volume":"80","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"ref251","volume-title":"A guide to carotenoid analysis in foods","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref81","volume-title":"Colorimetry: understanding the CIE system","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref11","volume-title":"A guide to carotenoid analysis in foods","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-2997(03)00030-X","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of carotenoids","volume":"24","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.01.008","article-title":"An R package for the integrated analysis of metabolomics and spectral data","volume":"129","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2010.03.021","article-title":"Carotenoid profiling of tropical root crop chemotypes from Vanuatu, South Pacific","volume":"23","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Food Compos Anal"},{"key":"ref321","volume-title":"Colorimetry: understanding the CIE system","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref381","volume-title":"HarvestPlus handbook for carotenoid analysis","volume":"vol. 2","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref231","first-page":"4843","year":"2014","journal-title":"Multi-model data fusion to improve an early warning system for hypo-\/hyperglycemic events"},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"1","article-title":"Caret package","volume":"28","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000042","article-title":"Provitamin A carotenoid bioavailability: what really matters?","volume":"80","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-2997(03)00030-X","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of carotenoids","volume":"24","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"38","article-title":"The evaluation of whiteness","volume":"2","year":"1982","journal-title":"Computi Ind Eng"},{"key":"ref351","first-page":"70","article-title":"A review of studies on machine learning techniques","volume":"1","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Secur"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-005-3057-2","article-title":"Variation of quality traits in cassava roots evaluated in landraces and improved clones","volume":"143","year":"2005","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"ref101","article-title":"Optimal color design of psychological counseling room by design of experiments and response surface methodology","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref141","volume-title":"HarvestPlus handbook for carotenoid analysis","volume":"vol. 2","year":"2004"},{"key":"ref151","year":"2017","journal-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing"},{"key":"ref391","year":"2017","journal-title":"R: a language and environment for statistical computing"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1021\/ed100697w","article-title":"ChemSpider: an online chemical information resource","volume":"87","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Chem Educ"},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2016.01.008","article-title":"An R package for the integrated analysis of metabolomics and spectral data","volume":"129","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"70","article-title":"A review of studies on machine learning techniques","volume":"1","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Comput Sci Secur"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1021\/ed100697w","article-title":"ChemSpider: an online chemical information resource","volume":"87","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Chem Educ"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2013.11.081","article-title":"Prediction of carotenoids, cyanide and dry matter contents in fresh cassava root using NIRS and Hunter color techniques","volume":"151","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref131","volume-title":"Multisensor data fusion: from algorithms and architectural design to applications","volume":"vol. 1","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1145\/2347736.2347755","article-title":"A few useful things to know about machine learning","volume":"55","year":"2012","journal-title":"Commun ACM"},{"key":"ref471","first-page":"4843","year":"2014","journal-title":"Multi-model data fusion to improve an early warning system for hypo-\/hyperglycemic events"},{"key":"ref341","article-title":"Optimal color design of psychological counseling room by design of experiments and response surface methodology","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1002962108315","article-title":"Genetic potential and stability of carotene content in cassava roots","volume":"94","year":"1997","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.03.015","article-title":"Relationship between the colour and the chemical structure of carotenoid pigments","volume":"101","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10681-005-3057-2","article-title":"Variation of quality traits in cassava roots evaluated in landraces and improved clones","volume":"143","year":"2005","journal-title":"Euphytica"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.2371","article-title":"Reduction or delay of post-harvest physiological deterioration in cassava roots with higher carotenoid content","volume":"86","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12616156","article-title":"Skin color measurements in terms of CIELAB color space values","volume":"99","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.2371","article-title":"Reduction or delay of post-harvest physiological deterioration in cassava roots with higher carotenoid content","volume":"86","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Sci Food Agric"},{"key":"ref411","first-page":"1","article-title":"Caret package","volume":"28","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2010.03.021","article-title":"Carotenoid profiling of tropical root crop chemotypes from Vanuatu, South Pacific","volume":"23","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Food Compos Anal"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"38","article-title":"The evaluation of whiteness","volume":"2","year":"1982","journal-title":"Computi Ind Eng"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1002962108315","article-title":"Genetic potential and stability of carotene content in cassava roots","volume":"94","year":"1997","journal-title":"Euphytica"}],"container-title":["Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/journals\/jib\/14\/4\/article-20170056.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jib-2017-0056\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T01:57:43Z","timestamp":1619056663000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jib-2017-0056\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jib-2017-0056","relation":{},"ISSN":["1613-4516"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1613-4516","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,13]]}}}