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SBML is oriented towards describing biological processes of the sort common in research on a number of topics, including metabolic pathways, cell signaling pathways, and many others. By supporting SBML as an input\/output format, different tools can all operate on an identical representation of a model, removing opportunities for translation errors and assuring a common starting point for analyses and simulations. This document provides the specification for Release 2<\/jats:italic> of Version 2<\/jats:italic> of SBML Level 3 Core<\/jats:italic>. The specification defines the data structures prescribed by SBML as well as their encoding in XML, the eXtensible Markup Language. Release 2<\/jats:italic> corrects some errors and clarifies some ambiguities discovered in Release 1<\/jats:italic>. This specification also defines validation rules that determine the validity of an SBML document, and provides many examples of models in SBML form. 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