{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T21:45:30Z","timestamp":1768513530374,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]],"date-time":"2012-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330473600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract.<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Epochs present in the voiced speech are defined as time\ninstants of significant excitation of the vocal tract system during the\nproduction of speech. Nonstationary nature of excitation source and vocal\ntract system makes accurate identification of epochs a difficult task. Most\nof the existing methods for epoch detection require prior knowledge of\nvoiced regions and a rough estimation of pitch frequency. In this paper, we\npropose a novel method that relies on time-order representation (TOR) based on\nshort-time Fourier\u2013Bessel (FB) series expansion which can be employed on\nentire speech signal to detect epochs without any prior information. The\nproposed method automatically detects voiced regions in the speech signal by\ncomputing the marginal energy density with respect to time in the low\nfrequency range (LFR) from the energy distribution in the time-frequency\nplane. An estimate of pitch frequency for each detected voiced region is\nthen obtained by computing the marginal energy density with respect to\nfrequency in the LFR from the energy distribution in the time-frequency\nplane. Epochs are located for each detected voiced region as peaks in the\nderivative of the low pass filtered (LPF) signal corresponding to falling\nedges of peak negative cycles in the LPF signal synthesized from TOR\ncoefficients corresponding to LFR. Experimental results obtained by the proposed method on speech\nsignals taken from the CMU-Arctic database are found to be promising. The proposed method\ndetects epochs with high accuracy and reliability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jisys-2012-0003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,21]],"date-time":"2012-03-21T09:53:27Z","timestamp":1332323607000},"page":"79-95","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Time-Order Representation Based Method for Epoch Detection from Speech Signals"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Pooja","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore-452017, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ram Bilas","family":"Pachori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore-452017, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref341","first-page":"776","article-title":"A robust method for determining instants of major excitations in voiced speech Speech Signal Pro - 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