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At the same time, the \u201cDemand Smoothing Model\u201d is introduced into the flight schedule optimization model to reduce the queuing delays for arrival and departure flights. We take into account all aircraft itineraries, the difficulty level of schedule coordination, and the maximum displacement of any single flight acceptable to airlines when optimizing flight schedule. Given an original schedule, the model produces a feasible modified schedule that obeys the slot limits specified for an airport without canceling any flights, increases transfer opportunities, and improves on-time performance for hub airports while reducing interference with airline scheduling preferences. The model was verified with the operating data of the Urumqi international airport, and the results show that minor adjustments to flight schedules can increase the transfer opportunities of the airport and significantly reduce flight queuing delays.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jisys-2020-0114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T16:39:00Z","timestamp":1627403940000},"page":"931-946","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Flight schedule adjustment for hub airports using multi-objective optimization"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Mei","family":"Tao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Airspace Planning and Aeronautical Information, College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation University of China , Tianjin 300300 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Airspace Planning and Aeronautical Information, College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation University of China , Tianjin 300300 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Avionics, Sino-European Institute of Aviation Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China , Tianjin 300300 , China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120523322310733_j_jisys-2020-0114_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malighetti P, Paleari S, Redondi R. 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