{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T02:21:03Z","timestamp":1771294863515,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601078400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recently, several research projects in the Netherlands have focused on the development of wearable robotic exoskeletons (WREs) for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Such research on WREs is often treated solely within the disciplines of biomedical and mechanical engineering, overlooking insights from disability studies and philosophy of technology. We argue that mainly two such insights should receive attention: the problematization of the ableism connected to the individual model of disability and the stigmatization by assistive technology. While disability studies have largely rejected the individual model of disability, the engineering sciences seem to still locate disability in an individual\u2019s body, not questioning their own problematization of disability. Additionally, philosophy of technology has argued that technologies are not neutral instruments but shape users\u2019 actions and perceptions. The design of WREs may convey a message about the understanding of disability, which can be comprehended as a challenge and an opportunity: stigmatization needs to be avoided and positive views on disability can be evoked. This article aims to highlight the benefits of considering these socio-philosophical perspectives by examining the case of WREs for people with DMD and proposing design principles for WREs. These principles may enhance acceptability of WREs, not only by individuals with DMD but also by other users, and help engineers to better place their work in the social context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/pjbr-2020-0027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T21:46:55Z","timestamp":1601502415000},"page":"404-413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Wearable robotic exoskeletons: A socio-philosophical perspective on Duchenne muscular dystrophy research"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Kapeller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thematic Studies: Technology and Social Change, Link\u00f6ping University, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Nagenborg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Philosophy, University of Twente, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kostas","family":"Nizamis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Design, Production and Management, University of Twente, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref1341","journal-title":"\u201cPath to sustained usage: A model for long term experience in technological products,\u201d"},{"key":"ref541","journal-title":"\u201cUser-centered design and evaluation of physical interfaces for an exoskeleton for paraplegic users,\u201d"},{"key":"ref1051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pp. 7","DOI":"10.1080\/13668790601150685","article-title":"\u201cDisability, technology, and place: social and ethical implications of long-term dependency on medical devices,\u201d","volume":"vol. 10","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ethics, Place and Environment"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pp. 1486","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073813506490","article-title":"\u201cHealth-related quality of life and its relation to disease severity in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: satisfied boys, worrying parents \u2212 a case-control study,\u201d","volume":"vol. 29","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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