{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:28:33Z","timestamp":1790792913186,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]],"date-time":"2016-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476489600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retinoids are compounds chemically related to vitamin A, which are frequently used in dermatological practice (1). They are characterized by numerous mechanisms of action leading to normalization of keratinocyte proliferation and maturation. They have anti-seborrhoeic, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects (1, 2). A number of side effects to retinoid treatment have been recorded; one group of such side effects relates to eyes and vision. Dry eye syndrome and blepharoconjunctivitis are the most common side effects, appearing in 20-50 % of patients treated with retinoids. They often contribute to the occurrence of other side-effects such as eye discomfort and contact lens intolerance. Due to the widespread use in clinical practice, the adverse effects, including ocular side effects, should be studied. To confirm the variety of adverse effects of retinoids, several case reports of rare side-effects are presented.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/acph-2016-0039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]],"date-time":"2016-10-17T07:47:40Z","timestamp":1476690460000},"page":"471-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Side effects of retinoid therapy on the quality of vision"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Beata","family":"Bergler-Czop","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Silesia 40-027, Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Bilewicz-Stebel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial Specialized Hospital, MEGREZ Sp. z o. o. 43-100 Tychy, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sta\u0144kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrzej Miel\u0119cki Silesian Independent, Public Clinical Hospital in Katowice, Department of Dermatology, 40-027 Katowice, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Bilewicz-Wyrozumska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia School of Public Health in Bytom, 41-902 Bytom, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040616591485668_j_acph-2016-0039_ref_001_w2aab2b8c18b1b7b1ab1ab1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"1. W. H. C. Burgdorf, G. Plewig, H. H. Wolff, M. Landthale and O. Braun-Falco, Braun-Falco\u2019s Dermatology, Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg 2009.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-29316-3"},{"key":"2021040616591485668_j_acph-2016-0039_ref_002_w2aab2b8c18b1b7b1ab1ab2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. B. Bergler-Czop, Nowy Schemat Terapii R\u00f3\u017cnych Postaci Tr\u0105dziku Oparty na Analizie Sk\u00f3rno-\u015aluz\u00f3wkowych Objaw\u00f3w Ubocznych Stosowania Retinoid\u00f3w oraz St\u0119\u017ce\u0144 Cytokin Prozapalnych - A New Therapy Scheme of Various Kinds of Acne Based on Skin-mucosal Side-effects of Retinoid Treatment and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Levels, Ph. D. Thesis, Medical University of Silesia, Publisher Tekst, Katowice 2011.","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2011.633949"},{"key":"2021040616591485668_j_acph-2016-0039_ref_003_w2aab2b8c18b1b7b1ab1ab3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. E. Papakonstantinou, A. J. Aletras, E. Glass, P. Tsogas, A. 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