{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T11:58:20Z","timestamp":1774958300631,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]],"date-time":"2016-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1476489600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The fabrication and development of two polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane sensors for assaying phenobarbitone sodium are described. Sensors 1 and 2 were fabricated utilizing \u03b2- or \u03b3-cyclodextrin as ionophore in the presence of tridodecylmethylammonium chloride as a membrane additive, and PVC and dioctyl phthalate as plasticizer. The analytical parameters of both sensors were evaluated according to the IUPAC guidelines. The proposed sensors showed rapid, stable anionic response (-59.1 and -62.0 mV per decade) over a relatively wide phenobarbitone concentration range (5.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-6<\/jats:sup>-1 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-2<\/jats:sup> and 8 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-6<\/jats:sup>-1 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-2<\/jats:sup> mol L<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>) in the pH range of 9-11. The limit of detection was 3.5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-6<\/jats:sup> and 7.0 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>-6<\/jats:sup> mol L<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. The fabricated sensors showed high selectivity for phenobarbitone over the investigated foreign species. An average recovery of 2.54 \u03bcg mL<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup> phenobarbitone sodium was 97.4 and 101.1 %, while the mean relative standard deviation was 3.0 and 2.1 %, for sensors 1 and 2, respectively. The results acquired for determination of phenobarbitone in its dosage forms utilizing the proposed sensors are in good agreement with those obtained by the British Pharmacopoeial method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/acph-2016-0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,17]],"date-time":"2016-10-17T07:47:40Z","timestamp":1476690460000},"page":"503-514","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Ionophore-based potentiometric PVC membrane sensors for determination of phenobarbitone in pharmaceutical formulations"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Haitham","family":"Alrabiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.Box, 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Al-Majed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.Box, 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Abounassif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.Box, 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gamal A.E.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.Box, 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia Egypt"},{"name":"Micro-Analytical Laboratory, Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Doki, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_001_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab1Aa","unstructured":"1. Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference, 32nd ed. (Ed. K. Parfitt), Pharmaceutical Press, London 1999."},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_002_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. N. B. Ilangaratne, N. N. Mannakkara, G. S. Bell and J. W. Sander, Phenobarbital: missing in action, Bull.World Health Org. 90 (2012) 871A-871A; DOI: 10.2471\/BLT.12.113183.","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.12.113183"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_003_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. M. J. Brodie and P. Kwan, Current position of phenobarbital in epilepsy and its future, Epilepsia 53 (2012) 40-46; DOI: 10.1111\/epi.12027.","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.12027"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_004_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"4. A. El-Gindy, HPLC and chemometric assisted spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous determination of diprophylline, phenobarbitone and papaverine hydrochloride, Farmaco 60 (2005) 745-753; DOI: 10.1016\/j.farmac.2005.06.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.farmac.2005.06.002"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_005_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab5Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"5. X. Li, L. Niu, X. He and Z. Song, Determination of phenobarbital in human urine and serum using flow injection chemiluminescence, Biochemistry (Moscow) Suppl. Series B: Biomed. Chem. 5 (2011) 184-187; DOI: 10.1134\/S1990750811020077.","DOI":"10.1134\/S1990750811020077"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_006_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab6Aa","unstructured":"6. C. M. Monz\u00f3n, M. R. Delfino, Jr., M. del C. Sarno and, M. R. Delfino, Phenobarbital in pharmaceutical tablets by modified conductimetrical analysis, J. Arg. Chem. Soc. 96 (2008) 101-110."},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_007_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab7Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"7. J. B. Raoof, M. Baghayeri and R. Ojani, A high sensitive voltammetric sensor for qualitative and quantitative determination of phenobarbital as an antiepileptic drug in presence of acetaminophen, Colloid Surface B 95 (2012) 121-128; DOI: 10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2012.02.038.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2012.02.038"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_008_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab8Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"8. M. Vosough, S. Ghafghazi and M. Sabetkasaei, Chemometrics enhanced HPLC-DAD performance for rapid quantification of carbamazepine and phenobarbital in human serum samples, Talanta 119 (2014) 17-23; DOI: 10.1016\/j.talanta.2013.10.026.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2013.10.026"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_009_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ab9Aa","unstructured":"9. A. Serralheiro, G. Alves, A. Fortuna, M. Rocha and A. Falc\u00e3o, First HPLC-UV method for rapid and simultaneous quantification of phenobarbital, primidonephenytoin, carbamazepine, carbamazepine-10, 11-epoxide, 10,11-trans-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine, lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine and licarbazepine in human plasma, J. Chromatogr. B 925 (2013) 1-9; DOI: 10.1016\/j. jchromb.2013.02.026."},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_010_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac10Aa","unstructured":"10. T. Vill\u00e9n and I. Petters, Analysis of barbiturates in plasma and urine using gas chromatography without prior derivatization, J. Chromatogr. A 258 (1983) 267-270; DOI: 10.1016\/S0021-993(01)90686-7."},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_011_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac11Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"11. W. Chow and B. Caddy, Separation of underivatised barbiturates by capillary column gas chromatography: preparation of medium polar polymethylsiloxane columns to optimize selectivity, J. Chromatogr. A 318 (1985) 255-268; DOI: 10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)90686-7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(01)90686-7"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_012_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac12Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"12. H. Zhao, L. Wang, Y. Qiu, Z. Zhou, X. Li and W. Zhong, Simultaneous determination of three residual barbiturates in pork using accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatog. B 840 (2006) 139-145; DOI: 10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.05.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.05.002"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_013_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac13Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"13. M. Iwai, H. Hattori, T. Arinobu, A. Ishii, T. Kumazawa, H. Noguchi, H. Noguchi, O. Suzuki and H. Seno, Simultaneous determination of barbiturates in human biological fluids by direct immersion solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. B 806 (2004) 65-73; DOI: 10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.05.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2006.05.002"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_014_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac14Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"14. A. Kadi, M. Hefnawy, S. Julkhuf, M. Abounassif, G. Mostafa, M. G. Kassem, S. Attia and A. Al- Ghamdi, Sample stacking microemulsion electrokinetic capillary chromatography induced by reverse migrating pseudostationary phase for the quantification of phenobarbital and its p-hydroxyphenobarbital metabolite in rat urine, Analyst 136 (2011) 2858-2865; DOI. 10.1039\/C0AN00768D.","DOI":"10.1039\/c0an00768d"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_015_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac15Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"15. M. T. Ragab, M. K. A. El-Rahman, N. K. Ramadan, N. A. El-Ragehy and B. A. El-Zeany, Novel potentiometric application for the determination of pantoprazole sodium and itopride hydrochloride in their pure and combined dosage form, Talanta 138 (2015) 28-35; DOI: 10.1016\/j.talanta.2015.01.045.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2015.01.045"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_016_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac16Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. M. Khater, H. Hassib, Y. Issa and S. Mohammed, Surface morphology changes of polymer membrane and carbon paste sertraline sensors, Talanta 134 (2015) 546-553; DOI: 10.1016\/j.talanta.2014.11.018.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2014.11.018"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_017_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac17Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"17. M. M. Hefnawy, A. M. Homoda, M. A. Abounassif, A. M. Alanazi, A. Al-Majed and G. A. Mostafa, Potentiometric determination of moxifloxacin in some pharmaceutical formulation using PVC membrane sensors, Chem. Cent. J. 8 (2014) 59; DOI: 10.1186\/s13065-014-0059-y.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-014-0059-y"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_018_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac18Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"18. J. L. Lima, M. C. B. Montenegro and A. R. Da Silva, A phenobarbital ion-selective electrode without an inner reference solution, and its application to pharmaceutical analysis, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 8 (1990) 701-704; DOI: 10.1016\/0731-7085(90)80106-Y.","DOI":"10.1016\/0731-7085(90)80106-Y"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_019_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac19Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. H. AlRabiah, M. A. Abounassif, A. Al-Majed and G. A. E. Mostafa, Comparative investigation of \u03b2- and \u03b3-cyclodextrin as ionophores in potentiometric based sensors for naltrexone, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 11 (2016) 4930-4942; DOI: 10.20964\/2016.06.10.","DOI":"10.20964\/2016.06.10"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_020_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac20Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"20. K.-H. Fr\u00f6mming and J. Szejtli, Cyclodextrins in Pharmacy, Springer Science & Business Media, Budapest-Berlin 1993.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-015-8277-3"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_021_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac21Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"21. R. Challa, A. Ahuja, J. Ali and R. Khar, Cyclodextrins in drug delivery: an updated review, AAPS PharmSciTech. 6 (2005) E329-E357.","DOI":"10.1208\/pt060243"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_022_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"22. S. S. Hassan and S. A. Marzouk, A novel ferroin membrane sensor for potentiometric determination of iron, Talanta 41 (1994) 891-899; DOI: 10.1016\/0039-9140(94)E0042-P.","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-9140(94)E0042-P"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_023_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac23Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"23. A. Carggs, G. Moody and J. Tomas, PVC matrix membrane ion-selective electrodes, J. Chem. Educ. 51 (1974) 541-544; DOI: 10.1021\/ed051p541.","DOI":"10.1021\/ed051p541"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_024_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac24Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"24. R. P. Buck and E. Lindner, Recommendations for nomenclature of ion selective electrodes (IUPAC Recommendations), Pure Appl. Chem. 66 (1994) 2527-2536; DOI: 10.1351\/pac199466122527.","DOI":"10.1351\/pac199466122527"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_025_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac25Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. A. Lopata, F. Darvas, \u00c1. Stadler\u2010Sz\u00f3ke and J. Szejtli, Quantitative structure-stability relationships among inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins I: Barbituric acid derivatives, J. Pharm. Sci. 74 (1985) 211-213; DOI: 10.1002\/jps.2600740223.","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600740223"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_026_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac26Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. K. Csabai, T. Cserh\u00e1ti and J. Szejtli, Interaction of some barbituric acid derivatives with hydroxypropyl-\u03b2-cyclodextrin, Int. J. Pharm. 91 (1993) 15-22; DOI: 10:1016\/0378-5173(93)90416-D.","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(93)90416-D"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_027_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac27Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"27. R. Eugster, P. M. Gehrig, W. E. Morf, U. E. Spichiger and W. Simon, Selectivity-modifying influence of anionic sites in neutral-carrier-based membrane electrodes, Anal. Chem. 63 (1991) 2285-2289; DOI: 10.1021\/ac00020a017.","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00020a017"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_028_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac28Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. E. Bakker and E. Pretsch, Modern potentiometry, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 46 (2007) 5660-5668; DOI: 10.1002\/anie.200605068.","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200605068"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_029_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac29Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"29. M. B. Gholivand, M. Mohammadi, M. Khodadadian and M. K. Rofouei, Novel platinum (II) selective membrane electrode based on 1,3-bis(2-cyanobenzene) triazene, Talanta 78 (2009) 922-928; DOI: 10.1016\/j.talanta.2008.12.070.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2008.12.070"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_030_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac30Aa","unstructured":"30. A. C. Moffat, M. D. Osselton, B. Widdop and J. Watts (Eds.), Clarke\u2019s analysis of Drugs and Poisons, in Pharmaceuticals, Body Fluids and Postmortem Material, Vol. 1., Pharmaceutical Press, London 2004."},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_031_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac31Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"31. Y. Umezawa, P. B\u00fchlmann, K. Umezawa, K. Tohda and S. Amemiya, Potentiometric selectivity coefficients of ion-selective electrodes. Part I. Inorganic cations (technical report), Pure Appl. Chem. 72 (2000) 1851-2082; DOI: 10.1351\/pac200072101851.","DOI":"10.1351\/pac200072101851"},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_032_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac32Aa","unstructured":"32. British Pharmacopoeia, Stationery Office, London 2005, Volume II, pp. 1550."},{"key":"2021040621550381973_j_acph-2016-0042_ref_033_w2aab2b8c12b1b7b1ab1ac33Aa","unstructured":"33. J. N. Miller and J. C. Miller, Statistics and Chemometrics for Analytical Chemistry, 5th ed., Pearson Education Limited , Harlow (UK) 2005."}],"container-title":["Acta Pharmaceutica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/content.sciendo.com\/view\/journals\/acph\/66\/4\/article-p503.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.sciendo.com\/article\/10.1515\/acph-2016-0042","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T02:20:59Z","timestamp":1617762059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.sciendo.com\/article\/10.1515\/acph-2016-0042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/acph-2016-0042"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/acph-2016-0042","relation":{},"ISSN":["1846-9558"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1846-9558","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,15]]}}}