{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:47:47Z","timestamp":1747198067430,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619395200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_almed-2020-0086_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cryoglobulins (CGs) are serum proteins that undergo a reverse cold-induced precipitation <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. The CGs are a well-known cause of analytical interferences in several laboratory tests, leading to spurious results. With this in view, we present a case of a patient initially misdiagnosed due to CGs interference in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) serology.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_almed-2020-0086_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report a case of a woman of advanced age affected by acute renal failure that required urgent haemodialysis. In the absence of infections and other causes of CGs production, a diagnosis of acute renal failure secondary to essential cryoglobulinemia was established. However, an unexpected positive HCV viral load was encountered. At this point, a false-seronegative HCV infection conditioned to CGs interference <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> was suspected, confirmed by repeating serology in pre-warmed serum. Finally, the patient was correctly diagnosed with HCV-secondary cryoglobulinemia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_almed-2020-0086_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As shown in the case, the presence of CGs in blood may represent a challenge for the correct interpretation of several laboratory tests. The identification of CGs and the pre-treatment of serum are decisive to avoid spurious results and reach a genuine diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/almed-2020-0086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,24]],"date-time":"2021-04-24T20:27:14Z","timestamp":1619296034000},"page":"297-300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["False-seronegative HCV infection motivated by interference with cryoglobulins"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7018-1319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gemma","family":"Recio Com\u00ed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Molina Clavero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Calabuig Ballester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory , Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre\u00a0\u2013 Verge de la Cinta Hospital in Tortosa , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Benavent Bofill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5736-0398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ester","family":"Pic\u00f3-Plana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0442-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Mart\u00edn Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez Forn\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma Teresa","family":"Sans Mateu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre , Joan XXIII University Hospital in Tarragona , Tarragona , Spain"},{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory , Catalan Institute of Health (ICS)-Camp de Tarragona-Terres de l\u2019Ebre\u00a0\u2013 Verge de la Cinta Hospital in Tortosa , Tarragona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023062110051882450_j_almed-2020-0086_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"King, RI, Florkowski, CM. 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