{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T17:15:12Z","timestamp":1781198112630,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the present study, we have investigated the protective effect of a heterologous prime-boost strategy with priming plasmid DNA followed by recombinant adenovirus, both expressing BmAMA1, against<jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>infection. Four groups consisting of 3 hamsters per group were immunized with pBmAMA1\/Ad5BmAMA1, pNull\/Ad5BmAMA1, pBmAMA1\/Ad5Null and pNull\/Ad5Null, followed by challenge infection with<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>microti<\/jats:italic>. Our results showed that hamsters immunized with plasmid and adenovirus expressing BmAMA1 developed a robust IgG and IgG2a antibody response against BmAMA1, suggesting the DNA vaccine or viral vector vaccine tend to induce a Th1-biased response. Compared to the control hamsters, the hamsters vaccinated either with the prime-boost strategy or one of the two \u201cvaccines\u201d exhibited no significant protection against<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>microti<\/jats:italic>challenge. Although a slight difference in terms of parasitemia and hematocrit values at days 14\u201316 post challenge infection was observed, no other statistical difference was detected. Our results indicate that the prime-boost vaccination strategy of injection of plasmid and adenovirus expressing BmAMA1 is not efficient in protecting against<jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>microti<\/jats:italic>infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2018-0042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T22:16:02Z","timestamp":1523744162000},"page":"368-374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of the protective effect of a prime-boost strategy with plasmid DNA followed by recombinant adenovirus expressing BmAMA1 as vaccines against Babesia microti infection in hamster"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Guanbo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longzheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artemis","family":"Efstratiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul Franck Adjou","family":"Moumouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huanping","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinuo","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mo","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jixu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron Edmond","family":"Ringo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuenan","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.08.096","article-title":"Construction of Neospora caninum stably expressing TgSAG1 and evaluation of its protective effects against Toxoplasma gondii infection in mice","volume":"28","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e8138","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008138","article-title":"High Antibody Titer against Apical Membrane Antigen-1 Is Required to Protect against Malaria in the Aotus Model","volume":"4","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0255-0857(21)02536-6","article-title":"Human babesiosis \u2013 A case report","volume":"23","year":"2005","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"550","article-title":"Gene Vaccines","volume":"138","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. 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