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Because of its relatively indiscriminant specificity, this enzyme has been shown to degrade the extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, complement components, immunoglobulins, and serum protease inhibitors, to name but a few of the known substrates. Additionally, SpeB regulates other streptococcal proteins by degrading them or releasing them from the bacterial surface. Despite the wealth of literature on putative SpeB functions, there remains much controversy about this enzyme because many of reported activities would produce contradictory physiological results. Here we review all known host and bacterial protein substrates for SpeB, their cleavage sites, and discuss the role of this enzyme in streptococcal pathogenesis based on the current literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/bc.2011.208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,4]],"date-time":"2011-11-04T11:54:39Z","timestamp":1320407679000},"page":"1077-1088","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":145,"title":["Cysteine proteinase SpeB from <i>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/i> \u2013 a potent modifier of immunologically important host and bacterial proteins"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"392","author":[{"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Garbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mattias","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-8-3"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.11.6683-6686.2001"},{"key":"p_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI3065"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2003.03797.x"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2001.00867.x"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.17.9862"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.33.20774"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/337385a0"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020345"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.56.6.1665-1667.1988","volume":"56","author":"Bohach G.A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Infect. 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